Study on the Tolerance of Chaetomium spp. to Glyphosate
Date Issued
2005
Date
2005
Author(s)
Hu, Bau-Yuan
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
Total isolates of soil fungi were isolated from the Taiwan forest nursery soils, that were previously applied with glyphosate before fungal isolation. Twenty-four species were identified from these 2474 isolates, viz. Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium aureum, C. bostrychodes, C. chiversii, C. convolutum, C. crispatum, C. cupreum, C. globosum, C. gracile, C. indicum, C. megalocarpum, C. succineum, Cladosporium sp., Fusarium solani, Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Penicilium sp., Pythium spinosum, P. splendens, Rhizopus sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsiii, Scopulariopsis sp. and Trichoderma harzianum. Seventeen of the isolates from the twenty-four species were cultured on PDA with different concentrations of glyphosate ranging from 0 mM to 120 mM. When the glyphosate concentrations were amended between 1 mM and 24 mM, the mycelial relative growth rates of C. aureum, C. cupreum and F. solani were significantly different from those of other species. When the glyphosate concentrations were amended between 1 mM and 4 mM, the relative percentage of mycelial growth weight of C. aureum and C. cupreum was significantly different from that of other Chaetomium species. When the glyphosate concentrations were amended between 1 mM and 2 mM, the percentage of glyphosate biodegradation of C. aureum and C. cupreum was significantly different from that of other Chaetomium species. Both C. aureum and C. cupreum produced the red secrets, but other Chaetomium species did not produce those. The red secrets produced by C. aureum and C. cupreum could be the main cause that increased their tolerance to glyphosate. Metabolism of the phosphate herbicide glyphosate is aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) by Chaetomium spp. analyzed by gas chromatography. Non-genetically modified organism soybean seeds added with red secretion produced by C. aureum grew as well as the genetically modified organism soybean seeds on glyphosate. Mycelia of F. solani, P. spinosum, P. splendens, R. solani and S. rolfsiii were inhibited by red secretion produced by C. cupreum on glyphosate.
Subjects
大豆
嘉磷塞
毛殼菌
消耗率
耐受性
soybean
consumption
glyphosate
Chaetomium species
tolerance
Type
other
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