小米與糙薏仁對非固醇類抗發炎藥物誘導大鼠急性胃黏膜損傷之保護效果

Abstract

臨床上非固醇類抗發炎藥物(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs)的使用常引起消化道系統副作用(如胃潰瘍)，而NSAIDs主要抑制胃部環氧化酶(cyclooxygenase, COX)的作用，導致前列腺素合成量降低，繼而破壞了胃黏膜防禦及修補機制（如非蛋白質硫基化合物及黏液分泌不足等），造成胃酸、胃蛋白酶及藥物等攻擊力量相對增強而誘發潰瘍。本研究藉由indomethacin(一種NSAID)誘導大鼠急性胃黏膜損傷動物模式，探討小米及糙薏仁之預防性功效，並評估食材單獨及混合給予其效果之差異。結果顯示，攝食實驗飼料含10% 小米、30% 糙薏仁及40% 混合物(小米10%+糙薏仁30%)對於負控制組(純以indomethacin處理)皆能減少胃部潰瘍指數(保護率達61%、68%及80%)，且可降低血液、胃及肝臟中脂質過氧化物含量，並提升胃部前列腺素E2濃度約四倍(保護率達14~16%)，其中亦可見胃中非蛋白質硫基化合物具有增高之趨勢，且與正控制組(藥物misoprostol)之效應相當，另外小米及糙薏仁無論單獨或混合攝食，其間並無存在顯著性差異。依以上結果推測，小米及糙薏仁均能夠保護大鼠胃黏膜受到NSAIDs的破壞，機制可能是藉由減緩NSAID伴隨之氧化性傷害，以及避免PGE2過度消耗來維護胃部防禦性障壁，進而達到保護胃部之效果。鍵詞:小米、糙薏仁、非固醇類抗發炎藥物、急性胃黏膜損傷

The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be associated with severe adverse effects of the digestive system (e.g. gastric ulcer). The principle ulcerogenic action of NSAIDs appears to work through their systemic inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, which catalyzes the formation of prostaglandins (PG). As a consequence of PG reduction, mucosal defense and repair mechanisms, such as gastric NPSH or mucus, are suppressed. Due to suppressed mucosal protective system, the corresponding attack of gastric acid, pepsin and drugs are enhanced, which lead to gastric ulceration. The present study was to investigate the abilities of foxtail millet and dehulled adlay to prevent lesions in the stomach individually and in combination on indomethacin (a NSAID) -induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. The results of this study demonstrated that rats fed with three different diets containing 1)foxtail millet (10%), 2)dehulled adlay (30%) and 3)mixture of millet and adlay (40%, foxtail millet plus dehulled adlay, the ratio is 1:3) had lowered gastric ulcer index (protective potency were 61%, 68%, 80% respectively) , reduced levels of lipid peroxidation in blood, stomach and liver, and enhanced degree of gastric prostaglandin E2 synthesis in stomach by 4 times (protective potency ranged from 14~16%). A positive trend of NPSH production was also observed. All of the results were comparable to the effects of positive control misoprostol, however, there was no significant difference between these treatment groups. Our finding showed that foxtail millet and/or dehulled adlay prevented macroscopic or microscopic indomethacin-induced gastric damage by decreasing oxidative damage and reverting the depletion of PGE2 induced by indomethacin significantly. This study suggested the feasibility of using foxtail millet and/or dehulled adlay for protecting humans from digestive disorder (e.g. gastric ulcer).ey words: foxtail millet, dehulled adlay, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acute gastric mucosal lesions