Chen Y.-J.YEONG-SHIAU PUSHIH-CHIEH CHUEHCHIA-TUNG SHUNChu W.-C.WEN-YIH TSENG2020-03-032020-03-0320111053-1807https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79551568089&doi=10.1002%2fjmri.22421&partnerID=40&md5=6b49904b98728a4353ad61c087719186https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/468765Purpose To evaluate the ability of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to predict the transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy outcomes in persons who have no history of previous TRUS biopsy and present with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Materials and Methods Thirty-seven participants underwent DTI, followed by 12-core TRUS-guided needle biopsy within 2 weeks. DTI was performed using endorectal coils on a 1.5 Tesla scanner at 1-mm3 spatial resolution. By comparing with the TRUS biopsy results, the optimum thresholds of the trace apparent diffusion coefficient (tADC) and of the nodular size were investigated. The diagnostic performance of both criteria, the tADC threshold (Criteria A) and the tADC threshold combined with nodular size threshold (Criteria B), were evaluated. Results The optimum tADC threshold was 1.0 μm2/ms. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of prostate cancer (PCA) detection for Criteria A were 98%, 89%, 73%, 99%, and 91%, respectively, and were 97%, 98%, 92%, 99% and 98% for Criteria B. Conclusion Owing to high negative predictive value, the tADC threshold could be used to exclude subjects with clinically undetectable PCA. Adding the nodular size threshold, the combined threshold could identify the tADC-positive segments that are likely to yield positive biopsy results. Copyright ? 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.[SDGs]SDG3prostate specific antigen; adult; aged; article; cancer diagnosis; clinical article; controlled study; diagnostic accuracy; diagnostic test accuracy study; diffusion coefficient; diffusion tensor imaging; diffusion weighted imaging; human; male; needle biopsy; nuclear magnetic resonance scanner; performance; predictive value; priority journal; prostate cancer; sensitivity and specificity; transrectal ultrasonography; Aged; Biopsy; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rectum; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography, Interventionaljournal article10.1002/jmri.22421212749772-s2.0-79551568089