2013-04-202024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/659332摘要：近來由於全球氣候變遷造成水稻生長之非生物或生物逆境，加上暖化導致病蟲害大規模流行，使得逆境下對水稻生長乃至產量之影響愈難預測。如何開發具有高逆境調適能力之水稻新品種(Climate-ready rice)並強化改善現有品種之耐/抗逆境能力，培育抗病之水稻品種亦有其迫切性。是以本計畫為有效因應全球氣候變遷對我國糧食安全及相關產業所造成之衝擊，透過與國際稻米研究所(IRRI)及其相關機構密切合作，接軌新興之因應科技，將進行多項雙邊合作。先前101-102年度已與IRRI合作，完成耐旱、耐鹽、稻熱病、白葉枯病等逆境耐性之國際選拔程序之建立。今年目標包括應用臺灣與IRRI國際研究團隊之耐逆境篩選設備與系統，評估及確認台灣優良水稻品種、IRRI提供貢獻親之種原及雜交新品系於台灣及IRRI之逆境條件。其特性表現包含外表型及基因型之檢定，一致化雙方的耐逆境性狀之表現評估與選拔系統。另外則包括水稻耐逆境外表型評估技術之引入， 引入鑑定、接種稻熱病/白葉枯病生理小種之技術平台，耐逆境水稻種原之評估、引入國內推廣品種的選育工作。並加強國際種原耐逆境之調查工作，持續根據逆境耐受性的表現與IRRI進行國際種原材料及性狀資料交換。加強新世代水稻科研人員之培訓與研究能量建立。最後今年將由IRRI舉行第2屆之工作檢討會，而台大則負責SNP相關之training course及training。提升我國在氣候變遷下之水稻農糧產業之適應力及競爭力。<br> Abstract: Recently, because of global climate change, it becomes much more difficult to predict the growth and production of rice under gradually sever abiotic or biotic stresses, especially coupled with temperature raising that lead to pest and disease pandemic. No doubt, how to develop the high stress tolerance of new rice varieties (Climate-Ready rice) and to strengthen the improvement of existing varieties disease tolerant / resistant ability is an urgent issue. In this study, to be effective response to the impact of global climate change on Taiwan and the IRRI on rice breeding research that are relevant to climate change. Previously, during 2011 and 2013, we had completed the establishment of the stress tolerance of drought, salt, rice blast, bacterial leaf blight and other international selection process. This year, we will move forward to take advantage of the stress tolerance screening equipments and systems in Taiwan and IRRI to evaluate and confirm the elite Taiwan rice varieties, the germplasm of donor parents from IRRI and hybrid new rice line with stress tolerance under Taiwan or IRRI conditions. The performance characteristics, including phenotyping and genotyping test will be conducted and the assessment and selection systems related to stress tolerance traits will be harmonized for both Taiwan and IRRI sides. Other project objectives include the introduction of the assessment techniques for rice resistance to adversity phenotypic, identification, vaccination blast / bacterial blight physiological races technology platform, stress tolerant rice germplasm evaluation, and finally extend these works to breeding of Taiwan domestic rice varieties. This project will continuously expand the investigation and exchange of germplasm between Taiwan and IRRI to sustain future breeding efforts. Young researchers will be trained in multiple disciplines of breeding, genetics, modern phenotyping, and marker technologies. IRRI will also to be responsible for helding the 2nd annual workshop and NTU will organize and prepare for a customerized SNP training and practice workshop. These activities together will lead to enhanced collaboration between Taiwan and IRRI to sustain future rice production and increase the competitiveness of Taiwan Agriculture and Food Industry in rice.逆境調適能力之水稻全球氣候變遷耐逆境基因單一核苷酸多型性稻熱病/白葉枯病外表型評估種原評估/交換國際合作Climate-ready RiceGlobal Weather ChangeStress Tolerant GeneSingle Nucleotide PolymorphismBlast/bacterial Blight DiseasePhenotyping EvaluationGermplasm Evaluation/ExchangeInternational Cooperation