Kuo P.-C.Huang C.-W.Lee C.-I.Chang H.-W.Hsieh S.-W.Chung Y.-P.MING-SHYUE LEECHIUN-SHENG HUANGTsao L.-P.Tsao Y.-P.SHOW-LI CHEN2019-08-302019-08-3020150007-0920https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84921996125&doi=10.1038%2fbjc.2014.603&partnerID=40&md5=4c1e3cc9cc152d0f1f2b7799adc959fchttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/416924Background: We showed previously that breast carcinoma amplified sequence 2 (BCAS2) functions as a negative regulator of p53. We also found that BCAS2 is a potential AR-associated protein. AR is essential for the growth and survival of prostate carcinoma. Therefore we characterised the correlation between BCAS2 and AR. Methods: Protein interactions were examined by GST pull-down assay and co-immunoprecipitation. Clinical prostate cancer (PCa) specimens were evaluated by immunohistochemical assay. AR transcriptional activity and LNCaP cell growth were assessed by luciferase assay and MTT assay, respectively. Results: BCAS2 expression was significantly increased in PCa. BCAS2 stabilised AR protein through both hormone-dependent and -independent manners. There are at least two mechanisms for BCAS2-mediated AR protein upregulation: One is p53-dependent. The p53 is suppressed by BCAS2 that results in increasing AR mRNA and protein expression. The other is via p53-independent inhibition of proteasome degradation. As BCAS2 can form a complex with AR and HSP90, it may function with HSP90 to stabilise AR protein from being degraded by proteasome. Conclusions: In this study, we show that BCAS2 is a novel AR-interacting protein and characterise the correlation between BCAS2 and PCa. Thus we propose that BCAS2 could be a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for PCa. ? 2015 Cancer Research UK. All rights reserved.en-US[SDGs]SDG3androgen receptor; breast carcinoma amplified sequence 2; heat shock protein 90; messenger RNA; protein p53; regulator protein; tanespimycin; unclassified drug; androgen receptor; BCAS2 protein, human; benzoquinone derivative; heat shock protein 90; macrocyclic lactam; proteasome; protein p53; TP53 protein, human; tumor protein; Article; carboxy terminal sequence; cell growth; cell proliferation; controlled study; correlation analysis; cytosol; DNA binding; fluorescence microscopy; genetic transcription; Gleason score; growth rate; half life time; hinge region; human; human cell; IC50; immunohistochemistry; immunoprecipitation; in vitro study; LNCaP cell line; male; MTT assay; priority journal; promoter region; prostate cancer; protein degradation; protein expression; protein protein interaction; protein stability; real time polymerase chain reaction; receptor upregulation; RNA splicing; transient transfection; Western blotting; antagonists and inhibitors; cancer grading; cell proliferation; gene expression regulation; genetics; HEK293 cell line; metabolism; pathology; physiology; prostate tumor; protein stability; tumor cell line; Benzoquinones; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Half-Life; HEK293 Cells; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Lactams, Macrocyclic; Male; Neoplasm Grading; Neoplasm Proteins; Prostatic Neoplasms; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Protein Stability; Proteolysis; Receptors, Androgen; Transcription, Genetic; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53journal article10.1038/bjc.2014.603254618072-s2.0-84921996125