Yang, Li-XingLi-XingYangLiu, Yu-ChengYu-ChengLiuCho, Chang-HuiChang-HuiChoChen, Yi-RouYi-RouChenYang, Chan-ShanChan-ShanYangLu, Yin-LinYin-LinLuZhang, ZhimingZhimingZhangTsai, Yi-TsengYi-TsengTsaiChin, Yu-ChengYu-ChengChinJIASHING YUPan, Hsiu-MinHsiu-MinPanJiang, Wei-RouWei-RouJiangChia, Zi-ChunZi-ChunChiaHuang, Wei-ShiangWei-ShiangHuangChiu, Yu-LinYu-LinChiuSun, Chun-KaiChun-KaiSunHuang, Yu-TingYu-TingHuangChen, Li-MingLi-MingChenKEN-TSUNG WONGHuang, Han-MinHan-MinHuangChen, Chih-HsinChih-HsinChenChang, Yuan JayYuan JayChangHuang, Chih-ChiaChih-ChiaHuangLiu, Tzu-MingTzu-MingLiu2022-12-152022-12-152022-07-061477-3155https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/626457The development of optical organic nanoparticles (NPs) is desirable and widely studied. However, most organic dyes are water-insoluble such that the derivatization and modification of these dyes are difficult. Herein, we demonstrated a simple platform for the fabrication of organic NPs designed with emissive properties by loading ten different organic dyes (molar masses of 479.1-1081.7 g/mol) into water-soluble polymer nanosponges composed of poly(styrene-alt-maleic acid) (PSMA). The result showed a substantial improvement over the loading of commercial dyes (3.7-50% loading) while preventing their spontaneous aggregation in aqueous solutions. This packaging strategy includes our newly synthesized organic dyes (> 85% loading) designed for OPVs (242), DSSCs (YI-1, YI-3, YI-8), and OLEDs (ADF-1-3, and DTDPTID) applications. These low-cytotoxicity organic NPs exhibited tunable fluorescence from visible to near-infrared (NIR) emission for cellular imaging and biological tracking in vivo. Moreover, PSMA NPs loaded with designed NIR-dyes were fabricated, and photodynamic therapy with these dye-loaded PSMA NPs for the photolysis of cancer cells was achieved when coupled with 808 nm laser excitation. Indeed, our work demonstrates a facile approach for increasing the biocompatibility and stability of organic dyes by loading them into water-soluble polymer-based carriers, providing a new perspective of organic optoelectronic materials in biomedical theranostic applications.enFluorescence imaging; Multiphoton microscopy; Near-infrared red; Optoelectronic material; Photodynamic therapy; Polymer; Theranostic[SDGs]SDG3[SDGs]SDG6[SDGs]SDG7journal article10.1186/s12951-022-01515-5357946022-s2.0-85133547002WOS:000825373800001https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85133547002