2012-06-132024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/657785摘要：近來由於全球氣候變遷造成水稻生長之非生物或生物逆境，加上暖化導致病蟲害大規模流行，使得逆境下對水稻生長乃至產量之影響愈難預測。如何開發具有高逆境調適能力之水稻新品種(Climate-ready rice)並強化改善現有品種之耐/抗逆境能力，培育抗病之水稻品種亦有其迫切性。是以本計畫為有效因應全球氣候變遷對我國糧食安全及相關產業所造成之衝擊，透過與國際稻米研究所(IRRI)及其相關機構密切合作，接軌新興之因應科技，將進行多項雙邊合作，包括導入耐逆境基因，改良台灣水稻既有之優良品種。引入與應用水稻耐逆境外表型評估的技術。引入鑑定、接種及評估稻熱病/白葉枯病生理小種之技術平台。進行耐逆境水稻種原之評估調查資料交流及育種材料及引入品種之管理。加強人員訓練、互訪及定期工作會議。預期可以擴大台灣耐逆境稻種之種原，建立水稻耐逆境外表型評估的技術及病原檢定平台，進行種原之交換，提昇水稻科研人員之研究能量及國際合作經驗，最後得以提升我國在氣候變遷下之水稻農糧產業之適應力及競爭力。<br> Abstract: Through the proposed international collaboration, we aim at facilitating scientific and personnel exchanges between Taiwan and the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) on rice breeding research that are relevant to climate change. This collaborative project focuses on incorporation of stress resistant/tolerant genes into commercial rice varieties in Taiwan. In parallel, new technologies and methods for phenotypic evaluation of multiple biotic and abiotic stresses will be shared and customized to the needs of breeding programs in Taiwan. The initial emphasis will be on major diseases of rice (bacterial blight and blast), drought, and salinity. The project will expand the genetic resources available for developing commercial varieties in Taiwan. Differential varieties for identification of pathogen races will be introduced to support breeding for stable disease resistance. Pre-breeding introgression lines with known genes will be characterized by molecular markers, facilitating the use of marker-aided backcross technology to increase rice breeding efficiency and economic benefits in Taiwan. The project will expand the exchange of germplasm between Taiwan and IRRI to sustain future breeding efforts. Young researchers will be trained in multiple disciplines of breeding, genetics, modern phenotyping, and marker technologies. These activities together will lead to enhanced collaboration between Taiwan and IRRI to sustain future rice production in the region.