2009-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/696442摘要：粉蝨 (whitefly) 為刺吸式植食性昆蟲，包含許多經濟重要性的害蟲，廣泛分佈於極地以外的全球各地。粉蝨科昆蟲之分類依據主要以若蟲形態為主，然而若蟲形態易受寄主植物影響而產生多型性，因此容易產生同物異名現象，而造成分類地位之混亂。本研究將結合傳統形態與應用形態支序分類學以及分子系統發生學分析方法，進行粉蝨科昆蟲親緣關係之重建，探討同物異名事件，判斷形態特徵之趨同進化現象，並進行屬與族階級之重新修訂。粉蝨成蟲形態研究甚少，加上形態不受寄主植物影響，因此亦將進行成蟲形態研究，期望建立粉蝨成蟲形態特徵分類系統，以釐清混亂之分類地位。此外，煙草粉蝨 (Bemisia tabaci) 為世界百大入侵生物之一，所以此害蟲之相關研究一直受到重視，尤其起源中心與入侵事件一直是爭論的議題。本研究亦將進行煙草粉蝨起源與分化之研究，探討此害蟲是否為隱蔽種群 (cryptic species)，並檢測非洲起源假說，推測其可能之分化過程。目前亞洲地區同域共存之 2 本土生物小種 (biotype)，其遺傳多樣性顯著差異，原因仍未有合理之解釋，因此亦將針對此現象進行探討。目前假設此現象為：(1) 異域種化後的二次接觸；(2) 同域種化後的輻射擴散，將利用親緣地理學研究來進行詳細分析並檢測假設。本計畫將利用上述研究方向來逐漸達成粉蝨科昆蟲多樣性研究。<br> Abstract: The insects, whiteflies, feed on phloem of plants by piercing-sucking mouthparts and some species are pests of economic importance. Those species are widely distributed on the globe besides the polar region. The taxonomy of whitefly is based on morphology of immature stage but some characters are variable on different host plants. Therefore, some species are synonymous and the identity is also uncertain for those species. In this study, we will reconstruct the phylogeny of whiteflies by morphological cladistics and molecular systematics in order to analyze the synonymous events and convergent evolution. The aim of this part is to revise the genus and tribe levels of this family. Furthermore, there are few characters in adult morphology, which are more stable than immature stage. We will also study and establish the taxonomic system of adult and immature stages. In addition, we will study the origin and divergence of Bemisia tabaci of the world’s top 100 invasive species. The origin and invasive events of this important pest are of continuing argument. By using molecular marker to study whether this pest is a cryptic species complex or not, and test the African origin hypothesis to presume the divergent events. The event is ambiguous why the two indigenous biotypes of Bemisia tabaci coexist in Asia, but can clearly be identified by molecular markers. There are two hypotheses: (1) sympatric speciation with radiating expansion; (2) allopatric speciation with secondary contact. Finally, we will study the phylogeography of Bemisia tabaci to test which hypothesis is close to the truth. This program will help to study the biodiversity of whitefly.昆蟲粉蝨科親緣關係隱蔽種生物多樣性InsectaAleyrodidaewhiteflyphylogenycryptic speciesbiodiversity