2020-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/687187摘要：關於對外漢語教學語法的論著不少，但對於什麼是語法點的討論不多。即使有，也僅限於經驗式的論述。這個研究延續2019年計畫，以基於用法（usage-based）的觀點來探討語法點的選取問題。利用語料庫語言學的方法驗證已有的中高級語法點（第1年）以及易混淆詞詞組（第2年），以 (1)好的語法點能大面積地增加語言的覆蓋率，(2)好的語法點能有效地防堵學生的偏誤，(3)規則的能產性越高越有價值，這三個條件為選取原則。應用語料庫的方法包括詞語、句式的頻次、語法點的覆蓋率、詞語出現在文本的分布比例、搭配關係、語義韻、中介語對比分析、主題詞顯著性、語義場關聯數據等等，常用的語料庫統計方法則是選擇對數似然比。此研究計畫的重要性可以從兩個層面來敘述，一是，這個研究的結果對於華語教學與教材編輯有實質上的助益，讓第一線的教學者或教材編輯者在選取語法點時有具體參考的依據。二是，可以透過這個研究，展現如何將語料庫語言學理論應用於漢語做為二語教學的研究，促使這個學科的研究更具科學性與研究成果更具應用性。期望經過量化與質化的步驟後，最終至少能提出200個語法點以及100個易混淆詞組的具體內容。<br> Abstract: There are many works discussing the pedagogical grammar of teaching Chinese as a second language and most textbooks have the session of grammar points for students’ understanding and practice the grammar patterns. However, there is not much discussion about what a grammar point is. How could we ensure the students learn the best grammar? We think learners should learn the grammar in an effective way in a limited learning time. This research plans to explore the selection of grammatical points from a usage-based perspective. Using corpus linguistic methods to verify existing intermediate and advanced grammar points (1st year) and the synonyms (2nd year). There are three principles for selecting grammar points: (1) Good grammar points can increase language coverage in a large corpus, (2) Good grammar points can effectively prevent student errors, (3) The higher the productivity of the rule, the more valuable it is. The technique of applying corpus to obtain data, including the frequency of words, coverage of sentence patterns or structures, distribution ratio of words in different styles of texts, collocation relationship, semantic prosody, comparative analysis of interlanguage, key word saliency, synonym analysis and so on. The corpus statistical method is to choose the log-likelihood ratio. The importance of this research project can be described from two aspects. One is that the results of this research have substantial benefits for Chinese language teaching and textbook editing, allowing teachers or textbook editors to select grammar points. Second, through this research, we can show how corpus linguistics can be applied to the study of Chinese as a second language teaching, making the research in this discipline more scientific and the research results more applicable. It is expected that after going through the steps of quantification and qualification, at least 200 grammatical points and 100 synonyms can be finally proposed.華語教學語法語法點教材語料庫對比分析定式搭配語義韻基於用法pedagogical grammarMandarin Chinesegrammarcorpusinterlanguagecontrastive analysisusage-basedformulaic expressionfrequencycollocationsemantic prosody