2016-04-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/681363摘要：由於全球氣候變遷影響，極端降雨事件發生越來越頻繁，尖峰流量到達時間也越來越短，土石流預警發布就更顯得重要。為降低民眾生命財產損失，未來土石流預警作業必須加以考量下列事項： 1. 檢討黃色警戒和紅色警戒發布期間新增疏散建議之必要性 2. 當降雨快速增加時，疏散建議提早發布之決定 3. 當土石流防災專員觀測到降雨量高於中央氣象局之觀測值，且已達到警戒值，或是降雨急速增加，水保局對於這些回傳訊息之分析及回饋程序 4. 在獲得NASA之即時土壤水分觀測資料後，水保局如何自動即時調整各地區之警戒值。 為順利解決這些問題，建置智慧化土石流預警系統是刻不容緩，而且可以分為三階段進行：第一階段：自動記錄代替人工觀測；第二階段：即時分析回饋；第三階段：加入NASA之即時土壤水分觀測資料，應用物聯網監測和巨量資料分析，自動調整各地區疏散警戒值。 <br> Abstract: Due to the effect of global climate change, extremely rainfall events happen frequently increasingly resulting in shorting arriving time of peak flow. This phenomenon explores the increasing importance of pre-warning announcement of debris flow. In order to draw down the loss of civil life and property, the operation of debris-flow pre-warning system has to consider following items: 1. To inspect the necessity of adding evacuation suggestion between the announcements of yellow and red warning. 2. When the rainfall increases rapidly, the decision of announcement time of evacuation could be ahead of schedule. 3. When the debris-flow disaster-prevention commissioner observes the rainfall accumulation which is larger than that of Central Weather Bureau, arriving the warning value, or rainfall increasing rapidly, the process of Soil and Water Conservation Bureau analyze and feedback this importing information. 4. After receiving the real-time data of soil moisture from NASA, the automatically revising mechanism of warning value operates in Soil and Water Conservation Bureau. In order to resolve these problems, the setup of intelligent pre-warning system of debris-flow is very urgent and could be actuated by three steps: first is automatically record instead of manual observation, second is real-time analysis and feedback, and third is applying Internet of Things and Big Data associated with real-time data of soil moisture from NASA to automatically revising each evacuation warning values.全球氣候變遷極端降雨事件土石流預警物聯網智慧化防災global climate changeextremely rainfall eventdebris flowpre-warninginternet of thingsintelligent pre-warning system of debris-flow