2012-01-012024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/661399摘要：台灣西部沿海飽受漁業資源下降及蓬勃人為活動的壓力，使得台灣的中華白海豚族群正面臨極度威脅，農委會林務局即將公告中華白海豚重要棲息環境。為了評估重要棲息環境之成效，也提供未來海洋保護區細部區域劃分與相關管制規範的基礎資料，本計畫將持續調查中華白海豚在重要熱點區域內之族群生態現況，以深入了解其行為生態與族群動態，同時也將針對台灣西岸進行全區密度調查，以了解其季節性分布的趨勢。此外也將進一步建立長期水下聲學監測系統平台，來探討中華白海豚行為活動模式與海洋環境噪音變動之關係。工作內容包含三大項: (1) 持續進行20趟海上調查(南北直線穿越線)，涵蓋南北兩個熱區為監測區域，(2) 全區(苗栗至嘉義沿海) 執行3季(次)海上調查，每次調查約需4-5天，以船上目視觀察及水下聲音資料紀錄器(A-tag)拖曳等兩種方法來進行，航線採取Z字形穿越線調查，(3)在彰化縣崙尾水道口及雲林縣新虎尾溪口建立兩個固定式長期水下聲學監測站，各監測30天次。預計能建立長期的雙管監測機制(目視觀察及水下被動聲學)，且開始建立四季及日夜24小時的變動資料，此將為本族群管理與保育的重要基線資料。所蒐集的顯著噪音事件（漁船作業、航運交通、海岸工程、劇烈氣象、生物活動等），也將進行詳細統計分析，包含：聲壓大小、持續時間、發生週期、頻譜分佈等，以量化個別事件對於噪音聲場的能量貢獻，及可能對海豚活動的短期與長期影響。<br> Abstract: Under the pressure of overfishing and heavy anthropogenic activity, the population of Chinese white dolphin (Sousa chinesis) in the western coast of Taiwan is facing extreme threats. Thus, the Forestry Bureau will declare its habitat as the essential/critical habitats of Chinese white dolphins. For future evaluation of the effectiveness of these essential habitats, and establishment of baseline data for detailed planning and management for Marine Protect Area, this project is aimed to investigate the current population status of Chinese white dolphins in “hotspot” areas to understand the details of their behavioral ecology and population dynamics. A survey for density comparison in the entire west coast of Taiwan will be conducted to understand the seasonal variation in distribution. Besides, a station for long-term underwater acoustic monitoring system will be established to explore dolphins’ daily activity as well as the relationship between the dolphins’ behavioral patterns and ocean ambient noise. The project covers three major works: (1) continuous field surveys (north-south straight transect lines) for 20 times, covering the northern and southern “hotspots” as monitoring areas; (2) field surveys for the whole habitat range (along the coast of Miaoli to Chiayi) which will be conducted for three seasons, each season with 4-5 days of survey following one of zigzag transect lines and usingboth visual observation and towed underwater acoustic data-logger (A-tag); and (3) setting up of two long-term underwater acoustic monitoring stations in Lunwei waterway (Changhua) and in the mouth of new Huwei River (Yunlin), each station will be monitord for 30 days (times). For ocean ambient noise, events like fishing operations, shipping, ocean engineering, weather disturbance, biological activities, and others will be analyzed for sound pressure size, duration, occurrence cycle, spectral distribution, etc. to quantify the contribution of each source to the noise field energy, and possible short-term and long-term effects on the dolphin activities. The result is expected to establish double long-term monitoring system (visual observation and passive underwater acoustics), and build seasonal and diurnal changing data, which will provide important baseline information for population management and conservation.中華白海豚族群生態聲學監測海洋環境噪音聲場分析衝擊評估Chinese white dolphinspopulation ecologyacoustic monitoringocean ambient noisesound field analysisimpact assessment