Yang C.-J.Lee N.-Y.Lin Y.-H.Lee H.-C.Ko W.-C.Liao C.-H.Wu C.-H.Hsieh C.-Y.Wu P.-Y.Liu W.-C.Chang Y.-C.CHIEN-CHING HUNG2021-12-012021-12-0120101058-4838https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77957830514&doi=10.1086%2f656419&partnerID=40&md5=479b1c2453088b9e22b36757bdd3cfechttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/588882The incidence of and risk factors for Jarisch-Herxheimer (JH) reaction were investigated prospectively among 240 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and 115 HIV-uninfected patients with syphilis who received penicillin treatment. The overall rate of JH reaction was 31.5% (34.6% in HIV-infected patients and 25.2% in HIV-uninfected patients). In multivariate analysis, risk factors for JH reaction included high rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titers (per log2 RPR increase, risk ratio [RR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.37), early syphilis (RR, 8.59; 95% CI, 4.75-15.56), and prior penicillin treatment (RR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.20-0.78). ? 2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.[SDGs]SDG3penicillin G; reaginic antibody; adult; antibody blood level; article; clinical trial; confidence interval; female; Herxheimer reaction; human; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; major clinical study; male; multivariate analysis; priority journal; prospective study; risk factor; syphilis; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Exanthema; Female; Fever; HIV Infections; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillins; Prospective Studies; Reagins; Risk Factors; Syphilis; Vasodilation; Young Adultjournal article10.1086/656419208253092-s2.0-77957830514