2015-08-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/650087摘要：亞洲臺灣和西非聖多美普林西比 (簡稱聖多美) 皆屬海島型國家，雖分別位處亞熱帶和熱帶生態環境，但二國所處氣候、環境與生態習性略有相似之處，預期相關蟲媒立克次體傳染病之盛行會有類似和可供參考的面向。蟲媒立克次體傳染病之病原體為絕對細胞內維生，主要寄生或共生在節肢動物宿主的細胞質內，於細胞質內行自由營生。立克次體主要藉由經卵傳播或跨齡期傳播來傳遞後代，並可透過節肢動物吸血或吸食組織液而感染脊椎動物宿主。在臺灣大學實驗室與臺灣疾病管制署研究檢驗中心共同合作之下，已完成台灣全島野鼠和居家犬貓感染斑點熱立克次體之血清學分析，並成功自臺灣犬貓身上的蜱和蚤偵測到斑點熱病原體。合作單位疾管署實驗室已有健全穩定的分離培養系統和新種立克次體的研究報告。建立在亞熱帶臺灣的立克次體流行病學研究基礎，本研究將針對西非熱帶國家聖多美之蟲媒立克次體傳染病做基礎調查與研究，以探討全球氣候溫暖化下，未來台灣蟲媒立克次體傳染病的可能趨勢。本研究第一年將採集臺灣和聖多美野鼠、牛和羊等之外寄生蟲，於採集地研磨抽取 DNA 後，以聚合酶鏈鎖反應分析可能攜帶的立克次體物種，並以免疫螢光分析野鼠血液立克次體感染之血清抗體陽性率。第二年將綜整蟲媒立克次體分子流行病學資料和野鼠的血清流行病學資料，利用地理資訊系統和空間統計描繪出臺灣和聖多美之蟲媒立克次體病的地理熱區；選取熱區民眾之血液為材料，以分子和血清學方法分析立克次體感染種類和比例。第三年將整理歷年氣候資料和流行病學資料，以勾勒出氣候和蟲媒傳染病間的發展關係。同時利用微矩陣玻片免疫螢光分析來鑑別特定的立克次體物種，並以貓立克次體為例發展基因重組蛋白技術，發展非專一性立克次體抗體吸附排除技術，以助於臨床檢驗與診斷。本研究將建立臺灣和聖多美蟲媒立克次體之基因多樣性與生態多樣性，同時建立亞洲臺灣和西非聖多美立克次體病的基礎流行病學資料，加強熱帶和亞熱帶地區蟲媒立克次體疾病基礎生物學研究和熱帶疾病之預防。 <br> Abstract: The Taiwan in Asia and the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe (DRSTP) in West Africa are island countries, although they were located in subtropical and tropical environment, in which trends in climatic, environmental and ecological habitats are slight similar. The order Rickettsiales belongs to the α-Proteobacteria and is comprised entirely of obligate intracellular symbionts of eukaryotes. Hosts of rickettsia are very diverse, and at least include vertebrates, arthropods, annelids, protozoans, and plants. Rickettsiae are sustained by transovarial and transstadial transmission in arthropods, which can also infect vertebrates through blood-feeding. Under the National Taiwan University Laboratory in collaboration with the Research and Diagnostic Center in the Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan (Taiwan CDC), serological analysis for spotted fever group rickettsial exposure has been completed in wild rodent population and pet dogs and cats. Currently, analysis and isolation of rickettsiae in ticks and fleas from Taiwan were detected and isolated by Taiwan CDC laboratory. Laboratory in Taiwan CDC has isolated routinely and cultured in a stable shell-vial isolation system and a new species of Rickettsia sp. IG-1 has been published. Based on Rickettsial epidemiological studies in the subtropical Taiwan, this study will investigate and research on vector-borne rickettsial diseases in tropical country of DRSTP to explore the possible future trends in vector-borne rickettsial diseases under global climate warming. In the first year, this study will collect ectoparasites form wild animals (rodent, cattle and sheep for examples) in Taiwan and DRSTP. By using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing to analyze the possible species of Rickettsia. Besides that, using immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to delineate the seroprevalent rate of specific rickettsiae infection. In the second year, this study will re-organize molecular and serological data of vector-borne rickettsial infection, with the supplement of using geographic information systems and spatial statistics to figure out the hot spot in Taiwan and DRSTP. Molecular and serological methods were used to analyze the species and proportion of rickettsial infections with human dry blood spot collected from the hot zone. In the third year, this study will correlate weather information and epidemiologic data to discuss the possible trend in future. Meanwhile, using microarray slides of IFA to identify specific rickettsial species is feasible by cooperation with reference laboratory. Development of recombinant protein-based technology to deplete non-specific by adsorption of rickettsial antibodies, R. felis as example in this study, will help clinical examination and diagnosis. This study will establish gene diversity, species diversity and ecological diversity of vector-borne rickettsioses in Taiwan and DRSTP. Establishing the basic epidemiological data of rickettsioses in Taiwan and DRSTP will also strengthen the basic biological research and disease prevention of vector-borne infectious rickettsial diseases in tropical and subtropical regions.海島蟲媒立克次體傳染病臺灣聖多美普林西比IslandVector-borneRickettsial diseasesTaiwanSao-Tome and Principe