葉俊榮2006-07-252018-07-052006-07-252018-07-052002http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/12824從全球角度看憲法發展的軌跡，已有 典範轉移的現象。傳統上，不論是古典憲 政主義或是第三波民主轉型國家所帶動的 轉型憲政主義，其論述範圍都是僅限於一 國的憲法規範與實際。然而，隨著區域整 合與全球化在二十世紀末的快速發展，憲 政主義的擴張方式與傳播速度，已經清楚 表現出區域化與全球化的特質，而有所謂 「跨國憲政主義」的產生，甚至有學者宣 稱「全球憲政主義」的時刻已經來臨。 區域整合與全球化的快速發展，一方 面對於傳統侷限於疆域主權的國家概念造 成衝擊，另一方面，卻也弔詭地促成一種 超越民族國家疆界思考的憲法論述。在區 域整合與全球化的趨勢之下，各國、甚或 區域的憲法，是否還能如以往一般作為各 國或區域間基本的規範機制，提供各國或 區域間一個有效的溝通對話機制，即成為 當前憲法研究必須面對的重要課題。而這 種超越民族國家疆界的憲法思考，針對區 域整合與全球化對於憲法機制與功能會產 生如何變化的研究脈絡，可稱為跨國憲政主義。跨國憲政主義的發展，對國際人格欠 缺但憲法機能蓬勃的台灣而言，具有高度 的意義。台灣在經歷一波接一波的憲政改 革之後，並沒有真正解決所有的憲政問 題。然而，除了政黨輪替所造成的憲政僵 局外，台灣也同時面對兩岸協商與積極互動的壓力。同時，在全球化與區域整合所 造成的主權侵蝕作用下，台灣面對更細膩 更嚴酷的國際定位與區域角色認同問題。 這一些發展趨勢，在在使我們對憲法的思 考，不能侷限於國境內。 本研究的目的，在於探討跨國憲政主 義的發展脈絡，論述其相關議題內涵，架 構相應的理論基礎。此外，本研究嘗試將 此一研究脈絡的理解運用於台灣，雖然並 不將其定位為替台灣找出答案或策略，但 仍希望將跨國憲政主義發展脈絡的經驗與 啟示，作為台灣延續憲政改革，面對全球 化、區域整合甚至是兩岸分合等議題的理 論基礎。Seen from a global angle, it has been apparent that the focus of constitutionalism has been shifted dramatically. Traditionally, the concept of constitutionalism, classical and transitional, has been confined with the physical boundary of nation-state. The focus of discourse in transitional constitutionalism that the third-wave democratization brought with it was what happened in terms of constitutional norms and practices within the parameters of a particular nation. Yet, with the accelerating speed of regional integration and globalization, the orientation of constitutionalism has been turned to regional and global. A new concept of transnational constitutionalism has emerged and some scholars even declare that an era of world constitutionalism has arrived. The fast development of regional integration and globalization, on the one hand, poses a great threat to the concept of nation state originated from the fixed boundary of territories. On the other hand, however, it has fueled paradoxically a new constitutional discourse beyond national boundaries. With regional integration and globalization, it is intriguing whether national constitution or regional pact may still function as fundamental norm of a nation or within the region. Transnational constitutionalism, an emerging issue of constitutional laws, places an acute focus on the inquiry of whether constitutions may provide effectively dialogue and mechanism for change. For Taiwan, a nation that has been troubled by international isolation and yet empowered by the renaissance of constitutional developments, the current development of transnational constitutionalism bears special underpinnings. After rounds of constitutional revisions, constitutional reform in Taiwan is far from complete. Notwithstanding persistent constitutional deadlocks followed by the presidential election in 2000 that brought a transfer of government power, Taiwan was faced with the increasing pressure and international demands for cross-strait negotiations and more positive engagement. Meanwhile, with the global trend of integration, economic and political alike, Taiwan needs to delineate these complex issues more in a global perspective. As the development of transnational constitutionalism has transformed constitutional discourse, constitutional engagement has become possible to go beyond any physical/static boundaries of nation states. This study attempts to analyze the dynamics and contexts, within which transnational constitutionalism has been developed, as well as the theoretical foundations. In so doing, it seeks to respond, while not providing a definite answer, to cross- strait negotiations and globalization from the perspective of Taiwan.application/pdf269949 bytesapplication/pdfzh-TW國立臺灣大學法律學系暨研究所轉型憲政主義跨國憲政主義區域憲政主義區域憲法區域整合全球化邦聯聯邦基本人權文化相 對性歐洲聯盟美洲國家組織Transitional constitutionalismtransnational constitutionalismregional constitutionregional constitutionalismregional integrationglobalizationconfederationfederationunionuniversal rightscultural relativityEuropean UnionOrganization of American Statesreporthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/12824/1/902414H002016.pdf