薛亞聖臺灣大學:醫療機構管理研究所余政經Yu, Cheng-ChingCheng-ChingYu2007-11-282018-06-292007-11-282018-06-292006http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/60165研究目的 本研究之研究目的為了解1、地區醫院之特性;2、地區醫院目前面臨之經營困境;3、地區醫院發展長期照護之可行性;4、地區醫院開設護理之家的SWOT分析5、地區醫院開設護理之家的關鍵因素。 研究方法 本研究除採用文獻資料分析,並以三位地區醫院實際經營者為受訪者,於民國九十四年採用質性研究之深度訪談法了解經營者在目前經營地區醫院上所碰到的困境,與開設護理之家是否能成為解決困境的因應方式;再輔以二位前政府衛生官員的訪談資料,以多角度的觀點來看待地區醫院困境與開設護理之家的議題。 重要研究發現與結論 小型醫院面臨的主要困境:人員聘請不易、住院收入減少、競爭優勢不足、健保給付緊縮、評鑑標準嚴格。地區醫院主要因應方式:策略聯盟、委託經營、開設護理之家、聯合門診、聯合採購。地區醫院設立護理之家SWOT分析:1.優勢(S):硬體設備較佳、緊急照護品質佳、人力調配靈活自由、醫療資源豐富、照護人員專業;2.劣勢(W):醫療糾紛較多、醫院氣氛不好、照護人員流動率高、收費較高;3.機會(O):亞急性照護需求增加、老人慢性病醫療增加、老化需求、社會需要;4.威脅(T):價格競爭大、品質要求提昇。 建議 政策與管理方面:1.建議政府建立亞急性照護制度、輔導小型醫院發展以醫院為基礎的護理之家,使之成為亞急性照護機構,強化長期照護概念,修訂醫院最少急性病床數由二十床減為十床;2.建議健保局對於亞急性照護予以給付;3.建議提昇地區醫院管理品質,收住大型醫院與獨立型護理之家之亞急性住民。未來研究方面:1.可增加北部或其它地區的小型醫院、大型醫院、獨立型護理之家的訪談,以了解南北是否有文化差異以及各層級間的參與與互動;2.調查潛在的亞急性病人數,以為輔導地區醫院發展亞急性照護機構之參考。Objective The objectives of this study are to understand: (1) the characteristics of the district hospitals; (2) the management problems that district hospitals are facing currently; (3) the feasibility of developing hospital-based nursing home (4) the SWOT analysis of hospital-based nursing home (5) the key factors that have helped district hospitals transformed into nursing homes. Method This study has adopted in-depth interview of qualitative research in 2005 on three individuals who were CEO of district hospitals to discuss the management problems that the district hospitals are facing currently and whether the establishment of nursing home can be the solution. Subsequently, interview with two former health officers are supplemented to address the dilemma faced by district hospitals and broader viewpoints on the establishment of nursing home. Significant findings & conclusion The major dilemma faced by district hospitals: the difficulties of recruitment, the decreasing source of income from inpatients, the inadequacy of competitive advantages, the tightening of health insurance subsidy and the rigidity of evaluation standard. The strategies of district hospitals: the strategic alliance, the joint venture, the hospital-based nursing home, the joint outpatient service and collective purchase. The SWOT analysis for hospital- based nursing home: (1) Strengths (S) – the better hardware equipments, the outstanding emergent nursing quality, the flexible human resource allocation, the abundant medical resources and the professional nursing staff; (2) Weaknesses (W) – more medical disputes, worse atmosphere in hospitals, high turnover rate of nursing staff and higher charges; (3) Opportunities (O) – the increasing needs for sub-acute care, the rising medical treatment of chronic illness for elderly, the ageing needs and the social needs; (4) Threats (T) – keen competition in prices and demand for improving quality. Suggestions Policy and management: (1) The government should establish sub-acute care system and assist small-scaled hospitals to develop hospital-based nursing home, converting them into sub-acute care institutions, as well as consolidating their concepts of long-term care and reduce the minimum number of bed for acute illness from 20 to 10. (2) The Bureau of National Health Insurance should subsidize sub-acute care. (3) The district hospitals should improve their management quality to ward sub-acute residents from large-scaled hospitals to independent nursing home. Future study: (1) Conduct more interviews in district hospitals, large scale hospitals and independent nursing homes in the Northern cities or other cities in Taiwan to get a better understanding of whether there are cultural differences between the Northern cities and Southern cities, as well as participation and interaction among all levels of health care organizations; (2) investigate the number of potential sub-acute patients and using the results as references for assisting district hospitals to develop sub-acute care institution.致謝……………………………………………Ⅰ 中文摘要………………………………………Ⅱ 英文摘要………………………………………Ⅲ 目錄……………………………………………Ⅴ 圖表目錄………………………………………Ⅶ 第一章 緒論…………………………………1 第一節 研究背景與動機……………………1 第二節 研究目的……………………………3 第二章 文獻探討……………………………5 前言 ……………………………………………5 第一節 地區醫院之困境與因應 ……………6 第二節 長期照護市場分析 …………………17 第三節 地區醫院與長期照護之結合 ………27 第四節 策略相關理論探討 …………………31 第五節 我國地區醫院困境與策略相關研究 33 結語 ……………………………………………34 第三章 研究方法 ……………………………35 第一節 研究方法 ……………………………35 第二節 研究架構 ………………………37 第三節 訪談樣本與程序 ……………………38 第四節 訪談大綱 ……………………………41 第四章 訪談研究結果 ………………………43 第一節 綜合概述 ……………………………43 第二節 訪談樣本描述 ………………………44 第三節 研究結果分析 ………………………45 一、地區醫院面臨的困境 ……………………45 二、地區醫院的因應方式 ……………………54 三、醫院發展護理之家SWOT分析 ……………59 四、地區醫院未來走向 ………………………77 五、地區醫院發展長期照護對未來之期望 …81 六、受訪者對政府之建言 ……………………82 第五章 討論 …………………………………88 第一節 地區醫院與亞急性照護 ……………88 第二節 藍海策略之應用 ……………………93 第三節 非零和賽局理論之應用 ……………94 第四節 總結 …………………………………95 第六章 結論與建議 …………………………96 第一節 重要研究結論………………………96 第二節 研究限制……………………………104 第三節 研究建議……………………………104 參考文獻 ………………………………………108 圖 表 目 錄 圖3-2-1 研究架構……………………………………………37 圖4-1-1 老人健康狀況與照護需求之照護機構間流轉圖…90 圖5-1-1 地區醫院因應長期照護未來發展…………………96 表1-1-1 通過地區醫院評鑑家數表…………………………2 表2-1-1 本章分析架構表……………………………………6 表2-2-1 世界長期照護演進階段……………………………18 表2-2-2 台灣長期照護發展演進……………………………20 表2-2-3 人口老化至高齡化社會所需時間…………………22 表2-2-4 民國92年至120年老年人口推估數 ………………22 表2-2-5 台灣地區長期照護需求老人人數推計數:1998~2050…25 表2-4-1 紅海與藍海策略的對比……………………………32 表3-3-1 受訪對象基本資料表………………………………39808344 bytesapplication/pdfen-US地區醫院亞急性照護護理之家長期照護SWOT分析健康保險策略district hospitalsub-acute carenursing homelong-term careSWOT analysishealth insurancestrategy[SDGs]SDG3全民健保下私立小型醫院困境與策略- 發展以醫院為基礎的護理之家可行性研究The Difficulties and Strategies of Private District Hospitals under National Health Insurance System—the Feasibility of Developing Hospital-Based Nursing Homesthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/60165/1/ntu-95-P92843002-1.pdf