Chuncharunee S.Wong R.Rojnuckarin P.Chang C.-S.Chang K.M.MENG-YAO LUHwang W.-L.Koh L.P.Chen T.-Y.Leung A.Y.Norasetthada L.Wang S.-C.Chang M.-C.Wu K.-H.Issaragrisil S.2020-12-162020-12-1620160925-5710https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84976908629&doi=10.1007%2fs12185-016-2053-8&partnerID=40&md5=7377213cdf841fdb7559175b9d919f01https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/526409Due to the unavailability of horse antithymocyte globulin (ATG) in many markets worldwide, patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) are limited to the use of rabbit ATG. We aimed to analyze hematologic response and overall survival (OS) of Asian patients treated with rabbit ATG as first-line therapy of SAA. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 97 consecutive patients who received rabbit ATG as first-line treatment of SAA from 2006 to 2012 at centers in four Asian countries. The primary endpoint was 6- and 12-month overall response rates (ORR) for patients receiving rabbit ATG within the recommended dose range (2.5–3.75?mg/kg/day). Secondary endpoints included ORR in patients receiving any dose of rabbit ATG and 2-year OS. For patients who received rabbit ATG within the recommended dose range, 6- and 12-month ORRs were 17.4 and 63.6?%, respectively. For patients who received any dose of rabbit ATG, 6- and 12-month ORRs were 24.3 and 68.6?%, respectively. The 2-year OS rate was 86.3?%. Rabbit ATG is effective for treatment of SAA in Asian patients. The 12-month ORR and 2-year OS with rabbit ATG were comparable to historical results obtained with horse ATG. ? 2016, The Japanese Society of Hematology.Aplastic anemia; Hematologic response; Immunosuppressive therapy; Rabbit antithymocyte globulin[SDGs]SDG3cyclosporin; danazol; dexamethasone; granulocyte colony stimulating factor; hydrocortisone; methylprednisolone; prednisolone; rabbit antithymocyte globulin; tacrolimus; thymocyte antibody; unclassified drug; immunosuppressive agent; lymphocyte antibody; thymocyte antibody; adult; aplastic anemia; Article; Asian; brain hemorrhage; drug efficacy; drug safety; febrile neutropenia; female; fever; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; human; immunosuppressive treatment; infectious complication; infusion related reaction; major clinical study; male; medical record review; nonhuman; overall survival; pneumonia; recommended drug dose; sepsis; thrombocytopenia; treatment response; Anemia, Aplastic; animal; Asian continental ancestry group; clinical trial; dose response; mortality; multicenter study; rabbit; retrospective study; survival rate; treatment outcome; Anemia, Aplastic; Animals; Antilymphocyte Serum; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Rabbits; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcomejournal article10.1007/s12185-016-2053-8273769442-s2.0-84976908629