2023-08-312024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/653263雞蝨一般泛指感染家雞的羽蝨類昆蟲，廣泛危害世界各國禽類。雞蝨發育約需 13- 46 天，生活史都在雞身上完成，因此傳播多以禽鳥之間的接觸為主。少量的雞蝨感 染通常不會造成明顯的病徵，但大量發生時，雞蝨往往能造成較嚴重的健康影響與 產蛋率下降的現象，且具有攜帶疾病的風險。雞蝨的危害至今仍然盛行於臺灣的家 禽養殖場，也是間接造成雞蛋中芬普尼殘留的原因。日治時期臺灣記錄到共 7 種雞 蝨，然臺灣有超過 60 年的時間缺乏系統性的調查，因此日治時期的紀錄可能無法 完全反映臺灣的現況。在雞蝨的防治上，藥劑施用是最直接的方式，但容易產生藥 物殘留與抗藥性的後遺症。籠舍管理與清潔是防治雞外寄生蟲的首要工作。其他的 防治方式尚包含添加矽藻土的砂浴盒，降低環境濕度亦能抑制雞蝨的爆發。然而不 同種類雞蝨對環境的反應存在差異，因此對種類的鑑定將會是日後建立防治策略的 重要基礎。本研究計畫建立標準化的雞蝨鑑定流程，以及偵測其體內的病原，並藉 由資料收集提供相關的防治建議。藉此建立未來逐步建立臺灣禽類養殖場中雞蝨種 類清單以及相對應的病原資料。 Poultry lice generally refer to feather lice insects that infect domestic chickens and pose a widespread threat to poultry in various countries. The development of poultry lice takes approximately 13-46 days, with the entire life cycle complete on the bodies of chickens. Transmission primarily occurs through contact between poultries. Minor infestations of poultry lice are usually asymptomatic, whereas substantial infestations often cause more severe health effects and a decrease in egg production. In addition, poultry lice are potential vectors for several avian diseases. The hazards of poultry lice are still prevalent in Taiwan`s poultry farms, which are also the indirect cause of fipronil residue in eggs. A total of seven species of poultry lice have been recorded during the Japanese colonial period. However, the lack of systematic investigations for over 60 years makes the record potentially incomplete in reflecting the current situation. The application of chemical pesticides directly suppresses the locus population, but it can also lead to chemical residue and resistance. Proper management and cleanliness of the farming environment are essential in preventing the outbreak of poultry lice. Other preventive measures include adding diatomaceous earth to dust baths and reducing environmental humidity. However, different species of poultry lice adapt differently to ambient conditions, highlighting the importance of species identification as a crucial foundation for future control strategies. This research project aims to establish a standardized poultry lice identification process, detect carried pathogens, and collect information for control recommendations, thereby progressively creating a list of poultry lice in Taiwan, along with corresponding pathogen data in the future.食毛目; 外寄生蟲; 雞蝨; 雞場;Mallophaga; Ectoparasite; Poultry louse; Hen farm