2019-01-042024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/677991摘要：人類在近數十年之工業化活動，使重金屬排放已經在全球造成嚴重的污染問題，我國亦有污染嚴重之底泥場址。底泥可視為有機物及無機物之匯集地，超過底泥品質標準限值之污染物往往是兩種以上，因此開發整治受多重重金屬污染底泥之技術有其必要性。依台灣101年度重點河川底泥污染檢測成果，本研究鎖定台灣常見重金屬污染底泥，關切重金屬以Cu、Cr、Zn,、Ni和Hg進行研究。此類物質通常具有毒害性，經由接觸或攝入生物體內後，將導致生物體病變或死亡，且難以仰賴生物體之消化循環系統排除體外、或藉由微生物分解降低毒害性。透過食物鏈造成生物累積作用，將嚴重影響水域環境與生態系統之平衡。活性覆蓋法(active capping)為一具有經濟可行性之現地整治工法，能降低污染物釋出至水體中，進而降低人體健康與生態風險。本團隊在前期研究計畫中，發現以活性碳混合黏土礦物作為活性覆蓋層能有效抑制總汞以及甲基汞的釋出，而黏土礦物之性質對於覆蓋層的穩定性有一定的影響力。因此本團隊將致力於開發混合式活性覆蓋層，以整治受多重重金屬污染之底泥，並評估其可行性與穩定性。 本期研究主要分兩部分。第一部分為單一吸附材對單一重金屬之水相吸附批次實驗，以了解各吸附材對各重金屬之吸附能力並作為混合配比之評估依據。本研究之吸附材選用廢輪胎碳黑、硫化亞鐵、氫氧基磷灰石與高嶺土，進行吸附重金屬 Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni和Hg。第二部分為利用改良自106年度模場試驗計畫之微環境系統，探討混合式活性覆蓋層對於抑制多重重金屬之能力與穩定性。此部分實驗將使用桃園灌溉渠道底泥(接續前期研究)進行人工培養，使底泥同時含有一定濃度之重金屬Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni和Hg。吸附材之混合配比將針對欲主要整治之重金屬進行混合，主要分三個實驗組，第一組為針對Cu及Zn進行混合配比之考量依據，第二組為Cr及Ni，第三組為Hg。本研究預期此混合式活性覆蓋層除了能對主要針對之重金屬有良好抑制效果，亦能同時抑制其他重金屬的釋出，達到混合式活性覆蓋層之主要目的，更期望能進一步實現在國內底泥實場整治。<br> Abstract: Over decades of human industrial activities, heavy metal wastewater has been discharged to river streams causing severe pollution problems across the globe. In Taiwan, there are also highly polluted sediment sites. Sediment can be seen as a sink of organic and inorganic compounds, often resulted in muti-pollutants exceed the limit of sediment quality guidelines. Therefore, developing a remediation technology to deal with multi-heavy metals sediment is necessary. In this project, we will focus on copper, chromium, nickel, zinc, and mercury, which are five of major heavy metals according to the survey report of Taiwan main river contaminated sediment in 2012. Due to high toxicity, non-biodegradability, biomagnification and bioaccumulation, heavy metals in sediment have been proved to pose a serious threat to the aquatic environment. Active capping is an economically-feasible in-situ method for sediment remediation, reducing contaminants release from sediment to overlying water, subsequently reducing human health and ecological risks. Based on several previous research, active capping with AC/clay has been proven effective in reducing mercury and methylmercury species released to overlying water. Therefore, in this research, the feasibility and stability of capping multi-heavy metal contaminated sediment with mixed active caps will be evaluated. The proposed research can be divided into two parts. The first part is the aqueous batch experiments of the four adsorbents sorbing five heavy metals individually, in order to measure the adsorption affinity for each adsorbent. The capping materials include tire rubber black carbon, kaolinite, iron sulfide minerals (FeS), and hydroxyapatite. The second part of the proposed research involves utilizing modified microcosms that were examined during Year 2016 project to explore the multi-heavy metal inhibition and stability of mixed active caps. The sediment from irrigating canal in Taoyuan is collected then spiked with a fixed concentration of copper, chromium, nickel, zinc, and mercury. Three heavy metal-specific active caps were designed to target copper, zinc, chromium, nickel, and mercury, respectively. The adequate mixed active caps with respect to types and quantities will be determined based on the aqueous batch experiments. It is expected that the mixed active capping can successfully inhibit the release of heavy metals from contaminated sediment. We also expected that this technique could further scale up in remediation of domestic contamination sediment in actual sites.活性覆蓋法重金屬底泥active cappingheavy metalsediment