Yang Y.-CCheng H.-TLiu T.-HCHAO-HSIN WU2023-06-092023-06-0920220277786Xhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129869178&doi=10.1117%2f12.2606170&partnerID=40&md5=2d62e330e8b44b425b834615ea1a9a6ahttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/632220We report on the progress of a volume manufacturable oxide-confined 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) operating at 25 (NRZ) to 56 (28 GBd PAM-4) Gbit/s data rate from room temperature (RT, 25 °C) to 105 °C. Our devices offer clear eye openings over a wide-temperature range without applying equalization or forward error correction (FEC) at either transmitter or receiver sides. Even at extreme operating temperatures, the meticulously optimized devices offer ameliorated dynamics characteristics without the need for these additional power-hungry signal-processing techniques. The equalization-free characteristic reduces the reliance on signal compensating circuits in the transceiver modules with the flexibility of operating over a wide temperature range for short-teach high-speed optical interconnects and automotive applications. © 2022 SPIE400GbE; forward error correction (FEC); NRZ; optical interconnect; oxide-confined 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser; PAM-4; VCSEL[SDGs]SDG7Equalizers; Laser pulses; Optical communication; Optical interconnects; Pulse amplitude modulation; Surface emitting lasers; Transceivers; 400gbe; Equalisation; Forward error correction; Forward error-correction; NRZ; Optical interconnect; Oxide confined; Oxide-confined 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser; Pre-emphasis; Wide temperature ranges; Forward error correctionconference paper10.1117/12.26061702-s2.0-85129869178