陳志傑臺灣大學：職業醫學與工業衛生研究所林志威Lin, Chih-WeiChih-WeiLin2007-11-282018-06-292007-11-282018-06-292005http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/59839Charcoal cartridges are commonly used to protect against a wide range of organic vapors in the workplaces. The service life of charcoal cartridge has been found to be affected by many factors, including assault agent, concentration, temperature, humidity and flow rate through the cartridges. Therefore, a filter unit was normally placed in front of the cartridges to protect the charcoal from contamination. However, in the practical situation, organic vapors often accompany aerosol particles. Due to the air resistance caused by the filter media, the filter units equipped in the cartridge or canister are seldom “absolute filter”, especially for respirators designed for negative pressure mode. Therefore, principal objective of this work was to study the effect of aerosol loading on the breakthrough characteristics of charcoal cartridges, as a function of particle size. A stainless holder (diameter 71.6 mm, height 25.6 mm) will be fabricated to accommodate 35.0 g of activated charcoal made of coconut shell. The charcoal powder has the BET surface area of about 1300 m2/g. Cyclohexane will be used as the assault agent. Cyclohexane vapor concentration will be controlled at 3000 ppm by passing an air flow of 15 L/min through surface of liquid cyclohexane in a jar dipped in a water bath. A flame ionization detector will be used to monitor the organic vapor concentration. A syringe pump will be used to refill the escaped cyclohexane. The relative humidity will be controlled at 50% by using a tubing pump feeding water into a needle wrapped with a heating tape. The same can of charcoal will be regenerated in a 150 C oven to remove the absorbed cyclohexane. The pressure drop across the charcoal cartridge will be monitored by using a pressure transducer, which will be calibrated against an inclined manometer. For aerosol penetration test, a constant output aerosol generator (model 3075, TSI) will be used to generate submicrometer-sized aerosols, and an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle (model 8700, Sonotek) will be used for generating micrometer-sized aerosols. An electrospray aerosol generator will be used to generate nanometer-sized particles to study the loading effect on the breakthrough characteristics of charcoal cartridge. A scanning mobility particle sizer (for aerosols < 0.7一、摘要 7 二、研究背景與目的 9 三、文獻回顧 10 3.1 活性碳的物化特性與吸附原理 10 3.1.1 物理性吸附與化學性吸附 10 3.1.2 吸附種類 10 3.1.3 活性碳吸附曲線 11 3.2 影響活性碳吸附因子 11 3.2.1 溫度與溼度 11 3.2.2 有機蒸氣濃度 11 3.2.3 流量 12 3.2.4 溶劑種類 12 3.3.7 填充密度的影響與活性碳本身變異性 13 3.3 有機蒸氣的選擇 13 四、研究方法 14 4.1 實驗裝置 14 4.1.1自製活性碳濾毒罐 14 4.1.2 實驗系統 14 4.1.3 測試微粒 16 4.2實驗步驟 17 4.2.1活性碳吸附 17 4.2.2濾毒罐穿透率 17 4.2.3 微粒負載 18 4.2.4 均勻度 18 4.2.5 活性碳顆粒大小 19 4.2.6 流量、溼度以及有機溶劑濃度 19 五、實驗結果 19 5.1 系統穩定度測試 19 5.2 不同濾罐與相同濾罐破出測試 19 5.3 不同流速與濃度對濾罐破出測試 20 5.4 不同相對溼度對濾罐破出測試 20 5.5不同厚度對濾罐破出測試 20 5.6 不同活性碳顆粒大小對濾罐破出測試 21 5.7 不同均勻度對濾罐破出測試 21 5.8 微粒負載破出測試 21 六 結論與建議 23 七、參考文獻 24 表目錄 表一 101013792 bytesapplication/pdfen-US活性碳濾毒罐微粒均勻度charcoalcartridgeaerosoluniformitythesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/59839/1/ntu-94-R92841013-1.pdf