徐年盛Hsu, Nien-Sheng臺灣大學:土木工程學研究所鄭凱元Cheng, Kai-YuanKai-YuanCheng2010-06-302018-07-092010-06-302018-07-092008U0001-2607200823423200http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/187648山葵是一種高經濟作物，葵農為了增加山葵產量和品質，在過量施肥的情況下，容易造成土壤和水質受到污染；不但對環境造成衝擊，也亦增加施肥成本。本研究之目的是以阿里山的山葵園為研究對象，考慮到環境成本及經濟效益的因素下，利用GLEAMS (Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems)模式和CLIGEN(Climate Generator)模式建立一套方法來推估山葵園合理的施肥量。研究結果顯示當施用過量的肥料對於養份吸收並無明顯的增加，反而增加環境負擔，最後所推估的合理施肥量約為1250~1750 kg/ha/yr。本研究可以提供給葵農施肥的參考依據，來改善施肥過量的情形。As a high economic value crop, Wasabi (Wasabia japonica Matsumura) would be over-fertilized by the farmer to increase the production and improve the quality. When over-fertilizing, not only the fertilizer cost is raised, but also the environment is impacted, i.e. soil and water pollution. This study is to estimate the feasible fertilization of Wasabi on A-Li Mountain by applying GLEAMS (Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems) model and CLIGEN (Climate Generator) model under environmental cost and economic benefit concern. The result reveals that over-fertilization does not help the absorption of Wasabi, it leads more environmental burden instead. This research shows 1250~1750 kg/ha/yr as the estimated quantifying fertilization which may provide reference to Wasabi cultivation and to avoid the over-fertilization.目 錄試委員會審定書..........................................i謝.....................................................ii文摘要................................................iii文摘要.................................................iv錄......................................................v目錄..................................................vii目錄...................................................ix一章 導論.............................................1 1.1 研究動機............................................1 1.2 研究目的............................................1 1.3 研究方法與步驟......................................2 1.4 章節內容介..........................................2二章 文獻回顧.........................................4 2.1 阿里山山葵之相關研究................................4 2.2 GLEAMS模式之相關研究................................5 2.3 CLIGEN模式之相關研究................................6三章 模式介紹與理論...................................8 3.1 GLEAMS模式..........................................8 3.2 CLIGEN模式.........................................30四章 模式應用與分析..................................33 4.1 研究場址介紹.......................................33 4.1.1 場址地點.......................................33 4.1.2 場址自然環境...................................33 4.2 施肥量之調查.......................................34 4.3 GLEAMS模式.........................................35 4.3.1 資料收集.......................................35 4.3.2 水文模擬.......................................37 4.3.3 沖蝕模擬.......................................46 4.3.4 營養鹽模擬.....................................54 4.3.5 地表輸出負荷量.................................59 4.4 合理施肥量之推估...................................60 4.4.1 氮磷吸收量回歸式之建立.........................60 4.4.2 優選模式之建立.................................66 4.4.3 估算結果.......................................68五章 結論與建議......................................70 5.1 結論...............................................70 5.2 建議...............................................70考文獻.................................................72 圖 目 錄1.1 研究方法流程圖......................................33.1 GLEAMS模擬示意圖....................................83.2 GLEAMS氮循環圖.....................................123.3 GLEAMS磷循環圖.....................................234.1 山葵園研究場址.....................................334.2 直角三角堰.........................................364.3 山葵園地表逕流模擬值與觀測值比較圖.................414.4 山葵園地表逕流模擬值與觀測值關係圖.................414.5 沖蝕模組不同元素組合示意圖.........................474.6 土壤沖蝕列線圖.....................................504.7 山葵園SS模擬值與觀測值比較圖.......................524.8 山葵園SS模擬值與觀測值關係圖.......................524.9 山葵園NO3-N模擬值與觀測值比較圖....................554.10 山葵園NO3-N模擬值與觀測值關係圖...................554.11 山葵園PO4-P模擬值與觀測值比較圖...................564.12 山葵園PO4-P模擬值與觀測值關係圖...................564.13 CLIGEN合成第一年山葵園氮吸收量圖..................604.14 CLIGEN合成第二年山葵園氮吸收量圖..................614.15 CLIGEN合成第三年山葵園氮吸收量圖..................614.16 CLIGEN合成第四年山葵園氮吸收量圖..................624.17 CLIGEN合成第五年山葵園氮吸收量圖..................624.18 CLIGEN合成第六年山葵園氮吸收量圖..................634.19 CLIGEN合成第一年山葵園磷吸收量圖..................634.20 CLIGEN合成第二年山葵園磷吸收量圖..................644.21 CLIGEN合成第三年山葵園磷吸收量圖..................644.22 CLIGEN合成第四年山葵園磷吸收量圖..................654.23 CLIGEN合成第五年山葵園磷吸收量圖..................654.24 CLIGEN合成第六年山葵園磷吸收量圖..................664.25 2002年山葵園氮吸收量圖............................67 表 目 錄4.1 研究場址土壤性質...................................344.2 山葵園三要素施肥量表...............................354.3 地表逕流量觀測資料.................................364.4 逕流水質平均濃度EMC值..............................374.5 不同種類土壤物理性質分類表.........................394.6 AMCII情況下不同土地使用和排水特性下的CN值..........394.7 山葵園水文參數表...................................424.8 沖蝕模組三種元素組合代碼...........................464.9 等高耕作之水土保持處理因子參數表...................484.10 土壤滲透性參數....................................494.11 土壤結構參數......................................504.12 漫地流元素曼寧n值表...............................514.13 山葵園沖蝕參數表..................................534.14 山葵園營養鹽參數表................................574.15 山葵園氮吸收量回歸式..............................684.16 山葵園磷吸收量回歸式..............................684.17 最大經濟效益和總施肥量............................691373033 bytesapplication/pdfen-US山葵環境成本經濟效益GLEAMSCLIGEN合理施肥量Wasabienvironmental costeconomic benefitquantifying fertilization[SDGs]SDG2[SDGs]SDG13thesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/187648/1/ntu-97-R95521318-1.pdf