林銘崇臺灣大學:工程科學及海洋工程學研究所張宇Chang, YuYuChang2007-11-262018-06-282007-11-262018-06-282006http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/51085摘要 本文旨在探討孔隙介質對波浪變形的影響,理論模式方面參考Cruz et al.(1997)所推導之以水深平均速度及水深平均滲流速度表示之布斯尼斯克方程式,並參考Madsen and Sørensen(1991)建議的方法,引入一與地形及淺化有關參數,可以將此方程式擴展至相對水深較深的區域。數值模擬計算則利用有限差分法之四階亞當斯-貝西福斯-摩頓之預測-修正法,配合使用造波函數與消波邊界條件,增加計算穩定性及節省計算時間。將所建立之數值模式與前人研究結果相互比較驗證後,本模式的適用性相當良好。另外,考慮不同孔隙率(0.0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.44)及不同滲透性係數(kp=2.5×10-8m2、2.5×10-7 m2)之透水底床,在不同波浪條件下,對波浪變形之影響;由主頻波及二、三階諧和波在空間上之變化情形可知,在孔隙率小於0.44的條件下(kp=2.5×10-8 m2),對波浪衰減影響程度大致是隨著相對水深增加而變大,當相對水深介於0.293至0.489間,計算結果顯示孔隙率愈大,波浪衰減愈顯著。但相對水深小於0.2時,孔隙率與入射波浪週期的變化並沒有清楚的規則性存在,原因應該是相對水深太淺時,此方程式對於波浪通過透水介質的模擬較無法準確。而在滲透性係數kp=2.5×10-7 m2時,在不同波浪條件下,波浪衰減情形並不是隨著孔隙率之增加而增加,而是孔隙率須大至某一值後,增加孔隙率才可增加波能的衰減。ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to investigate wave deformation passing through different submerged porous obstacles. The theoretical model is based on the Boussinesq equation demonstrated by Cruz et al. (1997), expressed by depth-averaged velocity and depth-averaged seepage velocity, and it introduces a parameter related with shoaling and seabed contour, Madsen and Sørensen (1991), to apply to the situation a larger relative depth, h/L. The numerical model uses the Fourth-Order Adams-Bashforth-Moulton Predictor-Corrector Scheme and is coupled with source function and absorbing boundary condition to increase the stability of calculation and to decrease the required processing time. The results are quite well in comparison with previous research. After examining the effect upon the porosities and the intrinsic permeability ,kp under different wave conditions, the deformation of the primary wave, second order harmonic wave and third order harmonic wave indicates that the wave height decreases as the relative depth increases when the condition of the porosity is less than 0.44 and kp=2.5×10-8m2. The wave height decreases significantly along with the larger porosity when the relative depth is between 0.293 and 0.489. But the phenomenon of the wave height decrease for the various porosities is not so regular when the relative depth is less than 0.2. The reason of the above situation is the larger non-linear effect at the shallow water condition; therefore the simulation of the wave passing through a porous obstacle is not suitable. When kp=2.5×10-7m2, the wave height does not decrease simply with the increase of the porosity; rather the porosity must be greater than a specific value in order to achieve a greater wave energy decay.目錄 頁次 中文摘要 Ⅰ 英文摘要 Ⅲ 目 錄 Ⅳ 圖 目 錄 Ⅶ 表 目 錄 Ⅸ 符號說明 Ⅹ 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 研究動機及目的 1 1-2 相關文獻回顧 3 1-2-1布斯尼斯克方程式 3 1-2-2透水介質相關研究 8 1-3 本文組織 9 第二章 理論模式 11 2-1控制方程式及邊界條件... 11 2-2無因次化控制方程式及邊界條件 15 2-3波浪勢流函數之垂直向分佈函數 17 2-4有因次之布斯尼斯克方程式 21 2-5分散關係式 23 第三章 數值方法 26 3-1方程式數值差分化 27 3-2邊界條件 31 3-2-1入射波邊界條件或造波邊界條件(Source function) 32 3-2-2消波邊界條件 33 3-3穩定條件 34 3-4造波及消波邊界條件測試 35 第四章 數值計算 38 4-1模式驗證 38 4-1-1波浪通過不透水潛堤之變形 38 4-1-2波浪通過斜坡透水底床之變形 41 4-1-3波浪通過平坦透水底床之變形 44 4-2數值計算結果與討論 47 4-2-1波浪及孔隙率之條件 47 4-2-2數值模擬之結果 48 第五章 結論與建議 70 5-1結論 70 5-2建議 71 參考文獻 721145473 bytesapplication/pdfen-US布斯尼斯克方程式透水介質孔隙率boussinesq equationporous mediaporosity波浪通過透水介質之變形Wave Transformations over Porous Mediathesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/51085/1/ntu-95-R93525003-1.pdf