2009-12-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/708980摘要：今（2009）年八月八日、九日中度颱風莫拉克(MORAKOT ) 颱風侵襲台灣，由雨量站資料顯示，24、48及72小時之降雨量共有138站之重現期超過200年，與過去世界紀錄比較，本次降雨為台灣歷年之冠，24及48小時降雨量甚至逼近世界降雨量極值。此次颱風在台灣造成了空前的水災和土石流，這場災難突顯出了台灣水利面向受到氣候變遷的衝擊顯得格外嚴重，在如此氣候變遷下所造成之水文環境變化，已成相當重要且迫切需決之課題，為有效且快速提升台灣對於此領域之研究，本團隊選擇與其他國際和區域性相關平台合作，以達到積極有效率之研究技術提升。 本研究之目的，在達成極端氣候之流域永續管理技術，為符合此項目標，對於氣候變遷造成之水文環境變化，需從流域整體變化著手，故本計劃將應用遙測技術於集水區崩坍成因調查，以作為相關決策支援系統建立依據，以及氣候變遷下大氣邊界層之長期變化，配合水平衡之觀點，了解集水區尺度下之各項水文因子改變。除此之外，因應集水區裡上、中、下游不同地質與水文條件，還有將遭遇之災害與水資源課題，選擇研究子題，包括在中上游部份，考量台灣地區易出現之土石流災害，探討由於異常氣候下降與特性改變對邊坡破壞之影響，用以評估邊坡崩坍量變化，作為土石流與邊坡破壞等災害評估參考，並考量台灣地區乾溼季愈趨分明之態勢，對於水資源變化，資源分配與供需系統之衝擊，都要有明確分析與因應對策探討。本計劃約可分為三部份，包含(1)氣候變遷下集水區之變化及監測技術，(2)水資源部分包括供需系統以及水庫泥沙運移變化，以及(3)地質災害部份包括邊坡破壞與都會區淹水探討等。 <br> Abstract: The typhoon Morakot struck Taiwan during August 8-10, 2009. The data of the rainfall stations showed that there were 138 stations where the return periods of 24-, 48-, and 72-hours rainfall were over 200- hours. Comparing with the world’s record, those three records are Taiwan’s historical highest records, and are very close to corresponding the world’s historical highest records. This typhoon caused unprecedented the floods, mudflows, and landslides in Taiwan. This disaster appeared that Taiwan’s water conservancy project was assaulted by the climate change seriously. The change of the hydrological environment caused by this climate change is the quiet important and urgent issue now. In order to improve Taiwan’s concerned study effectively and quickly, our work team chooses to cooperate with other international and regional related teams, and then we can improve the study skill positively and efficaciously. The purpose of this project is the sustainable watershed management under extreme weather. In order to reach to this goal, we have to work from the total change of a basin in the part of the aquatic environment’s change caused by extreme weather. This plan will apply remote measurement to investigate why the catchment area collapses. Then the reason will be used to establish the basis of the system of the determined measures and resource. According to the long-period change of the atmospheric boundary layer under the extreme weather, we will understand the change of hydrology factors under the catchment scale collocated with the viewpoint of the water balance. Besides, in order to response to the different geology and hydrology of the catchment’s upstream, midstream, and downstream, and the issues of the disasters and water resources we are going to meet, we will consider where appears the mudflows and landslides easily in Taiwan, and confer the influence of the slope damage caused by the extreme weather. Then we will use this result to measure the change of the slope collapse, and to be the assessment criterion of the mudflows and landslides and the slope damage. We will consider that the line of demarcation between the dry and wet seasons is going to be more and more clear, and there should be the clear analysis and countermeasures in response to the strikes of the water resource change, resource allocation, and supply and demand system. This plane can be divided into 3 parts: (1) the change and measurement of the catchment by the extreme weather, (2) the water resource, which includes the supply and demand system and the change about the reservoir sediment’s moving, and (3) geological disasters, which includes the slope of destruction and flooding in the metropolitan area.莫拉克颱風氣候變遷遙測大氣邊界層土石流與邊坡破壞都會區淹水The typhoon Morakotextreme weatherremote measurementmudflowsand landslidesslope of destructionflooding in the metropolitan area