非洲菊耐熱指標與切花生理

2009-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/707980摘要：非洲菊（Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus. ex Hook. f.）花形、花色豐富，為世界重要切 花作物。臺灣夏季切花種類少，且大多不耐瓶插，非洲菊可終年生產，為具潛力的夏季 切花。臺灣現有非洲菊栽培品種多由荷蘭引進，當栽培溫度增加至27℃時，切花產量、品質及瓶插壽命皆顯著下降，顯示臺灣亟需選育耐熱之非洲菊品種。本計畫第一年擬觀察高溫對不同品種非洲菊生長、形態及生理影響程度之差異，並尋找多種有效之耐熱性生理指標，如：葉綠素螢光、葉綠素計讀值、細胞膜熱傷害值等，實際檢測12 個常見 之非洲菊商業品種對高溫之反應，將有助於日後耐熱非洲菊品種之選育。高溫環境下生產之非洲菊品質顯著較差，且瓶插期間，花莖折曲為採後主要問題。切花採後瓶插於蔗 糖溶液可穩固花莖，並延長瓶插壽命，但目前未有文獻探討非洲菊切花碳水化合物之組成，與其對外源碳水化合物需求。由於非洲菊在高溫下生長速度較慢且病蟲害較嚴重，因此本計畫第二年除了持續觀察高溫對非洲菊生長、光合作用、葉片形態解剖及耐熱生 理指標之反應外，亦觀察花莖顯微構造，以釐清花莖折曲與高溫之關係性。<br> Abstract: Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus. Ex Hook. F.) have a wide range of flower types and colors, making them important cut flower crops. In Taiwan, few cut flower crops are available, while gerberas have potential and can be produced year-round to meet the market’s demands. However, most gerbera cultivars have been introduced from Holland. Reduced yield and quality, and vase life of cut flowers are reported in plants grown under 27 ℃ or higher temperatures. Identification of heat-tolerant gerbera for production in hot area is desirable. The objectives of the proposal in the first year are to determine the effects of high temperature on possible differential growth, morphological and physiological characteristics of selected cultivars. Simple and rapid techniques including chlorophyll fluorescence SPAD-502 value, and cell membrane thermostability (CMT) would be used for measuring tolerance of 12 cultivars of gerbera to high temperatures. This would facilitate early selection for heat-tolerant seedlings. Scape bending is one of the most serious problems affecting vase life of cut gerbera flowers. Preservative containing carbohydrates can strengthen scape and extend vase life. However, information on carbohydrate composition of scape is presently limited. Research on internal or external carbon source for extending vase is need. High temperatures could alter carbohydrate, growth, cut flower and vase life. In second year, we plan to determine high temperatures on growth, photosynthetic behaviors and scape anatomical characteristics. In the third year, we would determine water and carbohydrate changes during vase in different scape positions of cut flowers from different growing seasons to explore the possible carbohydrate roles of scape bending.耐熱性指標花莖折曲可溶性醣&#63952瓶插壽命heat tolerant indicatorsscape bendingsoluble carbohydratevase life非洲菊耐熱指標與切花生理