吳瑞北臺灣大學:電機工程學研究所陳慶仁Chen, Chin-RenChin-RenChen2010-07-012018-07-062010-07-012018-07-062009U0001-1908200922531600http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/188062隨著產品微小化的需求，通訊系統中的元件亦有小型化的趨勢，本篇論文針對180度分合波器中的環形耦合器作為主題，以集總元件本身低倍頻問題、且響應可預測的優點來取代傳輸線，再搭配多層結構電路板可垂直整合縮小面積的特性，來達成小型化的環形耦合器設計。文中共做了兩種類型的環形耦合器設計，第一種是單通帶的環形耦合器設計，第二種是雙通帶的環形耦合器設計。兩者皆以目前ISM頻段的2.4 GHz 為主要中心頻率來做設計。一種單通帶的環形耦合器設計，是採用高通及低通的集總模型來取代傳統傳輸線，在此我們先採用了一個兩層的印刷電路板來製作簡化後的窄頻結構，藉以驗證集總元件模組模擬與量測的差異及實際響應，其中在面積的縮減及倍頻的抑制皆達到不錯的效果。其後再針對結構增加集總模型的階數，設計一寬頻的架構，再採用多層設計的低溫共燒陶瓷製程來設計此結構，達到對比於傳統環形耦合器縮減至1.37%的面積，以及50%的工作頻寬結果。二種雙通帶的環形耦合器，採用本論文提出的一種新的雙通帶傳輸線架構，以架構本身在共振點前後反相的特性，使環形耦合器在兩個不同頻率的通帶產生一組具有對偶關係的響應，達成雙通帶的環形耦合器設計。在此同樣以一階的架構在兩層板上做出一窄頻結構的設計，為驗證可將第二個頻帶做於二倍頻之內，故將第二個頻率點設計於4 GHz。此外，為配合各種系統的需求，最後亦增加階數來驗證強化頻寬結構的可行性，方便日後之設計。With the demand of miniaturized products, size reduction of elements has become a trend in communication systems. This thesis takes rat-race coupler which is part of 180° hybrid coupler as the main research topic. Combining the advantage of lumped elements – low spurious problem and predictable response – with multilayer PCB process, circuit layouts can be integrated vertically to realize a miniaturized rat-race coupler. Two types of rat-race coupler design are proposed in this thesis – a single passband design and a dual passband design. Both of them are designed at 2.4 GHz, which belongs to ISM band, as the main center frequency.he single passband rat-race couplers design uses which use high-pass and low-pass lumped model to replace the transmission lines. At first, a simplified narrow band structure is realized on a 2-layer print circuit board. Responses of ideal and actual lumped elements are verified with simulation and measurement, good results on area reduction and spurious suppression can be observed. A broader bandwidth structure is then achieved by increasing the order of the 270° transmission line section. This structure is designed and fabricated with low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) process. A 1.37% area compared to conventional rat-race coupler and a 50% fractional bandwidth were obtained.he dual passband rat-race couplers design adopts a new kind of dual passband lumped circuits. A pair of dual rat-race coupler responses can be constructed by utilizing the phase reversion characteristics before and after resonance, thereby achieving the dual passband feature. A narrow band structure is designed with 1st order lumped circuit model on a 2-layer print circuit board, which takes 4 GHz as the second passband center frequency to verify the feasibility of a second passband below its spurious passband. Finally, an enhanced bandwidth structure designed by increasing the order of lumped circuit model is also simulated, which could be applied to other systems.致謝 I 要 III bstract IV 錄 VII目錄 IX目錄 XII一章 簡介 1 .1 研究動機與目的 1.2 文獻探討 1.3 研究貢獻 2 .4 章節概要 3二章 環形耦合器理論及等效電路推導 7.1 前言 7.2 環形耦合器基本理論 7.3 傳輸矩陣 10.4 傳輸線等效模型 12.4.1 一階單通帶模型等效電路 12.4.2 二階單通帶模型等效電路 14.4.3 一階雙通帶模型等效電路 15.4.4 二階雙通帶模型等效電路 19.5 元件實現 20.5.1 前言 20.5.2 等效模型數值擷取 20.5.3 電容實現 23.5.4 電感實現 24三章 單通帶集總元件環形耦合器之設計 26 3.1 小型化之集總元件環形耦合器 26 3.1.1 電路架構 26 3.1.2 電路參數 27 3.1.3 模擬與量測結果比較 29 3.2 強化型頻寬之集總元件環形耦合器 33.2.1 電路架構 33.2.2 電路參數 36 3.2.3 模擬與量測結果比較 37四章 雙通帶集總元件環形耦合器之設計 43 4.1 小型化之雙通帶集總元件環形耦合器 43.1.1 電路架構 43 4.1.2 電路參數 44 4.1.3全波模擬結果 46.2強化型頻寬之雙通帶集總元件環形耦合器 50.2.1電路架構 50 4.2.2 電路參數與模擬比較 52五章 結論 54考文獻 551746934 bytesapplication/pdfen-US集總元件環形耦合器多層結構Lumped ElementRatrace couplerMultilayer Structurethesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/188062/1/ntu-98-J96921031-1.pdf