Chen, Yun-RuYun-RuChenLi, De-WeiDe-WeiLiWang, Hsin-PingHsin-PingWangLin, Shih-ShunShih-ShunLinEN-CHENG YANG2023-03-312023-03-312022-08-1925890042https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/629963Thigmotaxis is required in small animals. In this study, we examined how the shelter angle affects the development of German cockroaches, Blattella germanica. Groups and individual cockroaches showed a strong preference for shelters with an angle of ≤40° after 15 min or 24 h in shelter-selection trials. For cockroaches that developed in 90/180-degree shelters, survival and fecundity were low, and the nymphal stage lasted longer. Post-molting transcriptomes of second- and sixth-instar nymphs were analyzed at 12 h and 2 days post-molting. Upregulation was observed in genes related to ATP metabolism and cellular amide metabolism. Chitin-based cuticle development and postembryonic development-related genes were downregulated. The stress responses of cockroaches that developed in shelters with angles of 90° were similar to those of gregarious cockroaches experiencing social isolation. For German cockroaches, environmental tactile stimuli are crucial to development and homeostasis.enEntomology; Molecular mechanism of behaviorjournal article10.1016/j.isci.2022.104802359920752-s2.0-85135721668WOS:000855302100006https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85135721668