林嬋娟臺灣大學:會計學研究所黃毓倫Huang, Yu-RenYu-RenHuang2007-11-282018-06-292007-11-282018-06-292007http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/61688過去對於資訊風險定價的研究多半採用財務會計數字為基礎,藉由分析盈餘品質指標與股票異常報酬率,推論盈餘品質與市場反應的連結性。Francis et al. (2005, 2006)則建立以報酬率為基礎的指標,衡量市場對於盈餘品質資訊風險的認知敏感度。 本研究參考Francis et al. (2006)的研究方法,以台灣1990年至2004年間上市櫃公司資料進行資本市場效率研究。本文採用應計項目品質作為資訊風險代理變數,將財務會計資料為基礎的應計品質指標(AQ)轉換為以報酬率為基礎的應計品質(AQ factor),計算系統性資訊風險溢酬因子(e-loading),並將該指標與過去實證研究中效果顯著的資訊風險代理變數作迴歸分析,測試其作為資訊品質指標的適切性。實證結果發現: 1. e-loading與非裁量性應計品質指標以及Francis et al.(2004)提出的七項盈餘品質指標具有相當程度的關聯性。 2. e-loading與分析師財務預測分散程度呈現顯著正相關,但未與盈餘反應係數以及分析師預期之正確性呈現顯著負相關。 3. e-loading與公司公開發行期間長度呈現負相關,自相關程度亦逐漸增加。 4. 財務報表重編之公司具有較高的e-loading,顯示投資人知覺該類事件樣本的資訊風險較高,反映為較高的資金成本。 本研究之實證結果支持以報酬率為基礎之盈餘品質指標,可有效辨認投資標的報導盈餘內含之資訊風險水準,為一具有辨識性與普及性的資訊風險指標。The previous researches about pricing information risk of capital market are often based on the financial numbers. Theses literatures analyzed the empirical evidence of earnings quality and abnormal return to confirm the relationship between earnings quality and the efficiency of capital market. Conditioning on the factor-mimicking portfolio approach, Francis et al. (2005, 2006) built a return-based earnings quality measures to demonstrate a risk premium for firms. Referring to the Francis et al.’s (2005) procedures, we select the publicly traded firms between1990 to 2005 as the research sample. We view accruals quality as a proxy of information risk, convert the accounting-based measure (AQ) to a return-based representation (AQ factor). Then, we calculate the slope coefficient from a regression of a firms’ daily excess return in one year on AQ factor to obtain e-loading. To verify the validity of e-loading as a proxy of earnings quality, we regress e-loading on previously significant proxies of earnings quality. Inference made from the empirical results are summarized as follows: 1. e-loadings are highly correlated with the innate determinants and the seven earnings attributes considered by Francis et al. (2004). 2. e-loadings are significantly and positively correlated with the dispersion of analyst forecast, but not significantly negatively associated with earning response coefficient and the accuracy of analyst forecast. 3. The level of e-loading declines as the firm matures and the autocorrelation in e-loadings increases with the firm age. 4. e-loadings are significantly larger for restatement samples than for non-event samples. According to the empirical results, we document that e-loadings are a reliable return-based representation of earnings quality as measured by accruals quality. It can identify the different level of information uncertainty contained in reporting earnings with at least as well as other measures in the contexts that we examine. Thus, our results indicate that e-loading is a valid and popular proxy of earnings quality.目 錄 致 謝…………………………………………………………………………….….Ⅰ 摘 要…………………………………………………………………………….….Ⅱ Abstract……………………………………………………………………………....Ⅲ 第一章 緒論 - 1 - 第一節 研究動機與目的 - 1 - 第二節 研究架構 - 4 - 第二章 文獻探討 - 5 - 第一節 盈餘品質、資訊風險與資金成本 - 5 - 第二節 資訊風險與投資人行為 - 11 - 第三節 資訊風險代理變數 - 13 - 第四節 資訊風險指標之事件研究 - 15 - 第三章 研究假說與研究方法 - 17 - 第一節 研究假說 - 17 - 第二節 e-loading之衡量 - 20 - 第三節 e-loading與盈餘品質指標之相關性 - 25 - 第四節 e-loading與投資人行為之關連性 - 30 - 第五節 e-loading與公司公開發行期間長度之關連性 - 34 - 第六節 e-loading與財務報表重編事件研究 - 36 - 第七節 研究樣本選擇 - 37 - 第四章 實證結果與分析 - 39 - 第一節 研究樣本之敘述性統計 - 39 - 第二節 e-loading與盈餘品質指標之關連 - 44 - 第三節 e-loading 與投資人行為之關連性 - 48 - 第四節 e-loading與公司公開發行期間長短之關聯性 - 54 - 第五節 e-loading 與財務報表重編之事件研究 - 57 - 第五章 結論與建議 - 59 - 參考文獻 - 64 - 圖 表 目 錄 表3-1 公司營運特性與應計品質變動……………………………………………..27 表3-2 盈餘品質指標彙整表……………………………………………………...…30 表4-1 應計品質之重要敘述性統計資料…………………………..………………40 表4-2 應計品質分組(AQ Deciles)之平均股票報酬率…………….………………41 表4-3 1995-2004年樣本公司AQ factor之平均數………………..…………….…43 表4-4 e-loading與以財務資訊為基礎之盈餘品質指標關聯分析…………...……45 表4-5 e-loading 與盈餘反應係數分析……………………………………..………49 表4-6 e-loading 與盈餘預測變異程度之迴歸分析………………………………..51 表4-7 e-loading與盈餘預測正確性之迴歸分析………………………...…………53 圖3-1 樣本分布圖……………………………………………………………..……38 圖4-1 應計品質分組(AQ Deciles)之平均股票報酬率………….…………………42 圖4-2 公開發行期間長短與e-loading趨勢圖………………….…………………55 圖4-3 e-loading自相關程度與公開發行期間長短之關聯性…………...…………56 圖4-4 財務報表重編事件與e-loading趨勢圖………………………………..……58521856 bytesapplication/pdfen-US資金成本盈餘品質指標資訊風險資訊風險溢酬因子以報酬率為基礎之盈餘品質指標cost of capitalthe proxies of earnings qualityinformation riskrisk premium of information factorreturn-based measures以股票報酬衡量之盈餘品質指標A Return-Based Representation of Earnings Qualityotherhttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/61688/1/ntu-96-R94722047-1.pdf