2017-01-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/682305摘要：稻熱病，為水稻重要病害，由病原真菌 Magnaporthe oryza e (Hebert) Barr所引起 。田間稻熱病主要的防治措施之一為栽種抗病品系，但由於田間稻熱病菌高度變異 及快速演替，抗病水稻品系無法維持長久之抗性，並且單一水稻品系的大面積商業 化種植，當環境及氣候等因子適合時，常造成病害的流行及嚴重的損失。因此，抗 病育種工作之推動，區域性商業化品種之種植，及抗病水稻品系田間抗性之維持 ，皆有賴持續與及時掌握田間稻熱病菌之族群特性及動態變化情形。本計畫的目標 ，在持續監測臺灣東西部田間一期稻作稻熱病菌主要族群的動態，利用IRRI LTH IRBL lines 判別品系監測田間稻熱病菌AVR基因的動態變化。分析臺南11號抗病特 性，感染臺南11號稻熱病菌生理小種的遺傳特徵分析，應用速檢測技術即時監測田 間菌株AVR-Pizt基因的狀態，並持續開發臺灣田間稻熱病菌主要族群生理小種的快 速監測技術，應用田間病原菌族群之及時監測。希望藉由本研究的結果，可掌握臺 灣田間稻熱病菌族群的分布及動態變化，提供為病害發生預測、水稻抗病育種及品 種推廣之重要參考依據。<br> Abstract: Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryz ae (Hebert) Barr, is one of the most serious diseases of cultivated rice in many countries including Taiwan. One of the control measures for this disease is to deploy resistant rice varieties in the fields. However, the field populations of rice blast fungus are highly dynamic and quickly evolved, and field resistance has been quickly broken down within few years. When environmental and climate conditions are favorable, severe epidemics and significant yield loss usually occur in the monoculture commercial fields. This situation makes resistance breeding and control of rice blast more challenging. To sustain breeding program, deploy resistant varieties effectively and prolong or maintain field resistance, it is necessary to effectively monitor the genetic structure and variability of pathogen population in the fields. In this study, we aim to utilize Pot2 rep-PCR fingerprinting technique and avirulence (AVR) genes and set up IRRI LTH IRBL lines surveillance plots to continually monitor the field population of rice blast fungus in Taiwan. We also aim to characterize the resistance features of elite rice variety TN11 and determine the genetic features of physiological races infected TN11 for commercial production and develop on-site detection and surveillance techniques for monitoring field population. To the end, we hope to better understand the population structure of rice blast fungus in Taiwan and provide the information for disease epidemiology and screening and deployment of resistance varieties in the field.水稻稻熱病稻熱病菌生理小種Pot2 rep-PCR 親緣分析AVR genesIRRI LTH IRBL lines判別品系監測技術ricerice blast diseaseMagnaporthe oryzaephysiological racePot2 rep-PCR phylogenetic analysisAVR genesIRRI LTH IRBL differential linessurveillance technique