國立臺灣大學昆蟲學系暨研究所洪淑彬2006-07-252018-06-292006-07-252018-06-292003http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/12585四紋豆象雌、雄蟲間交尾行為存在性別衝突 (sexual conflict)：雌蟲受傷 且壽命減少，而雄蟲於此行為表現中可能有兩種獲利，假說一：增加雌蟲產 卵速率假說;假說二：降低雌蟲的再交尾率假說。本研究根據上述假說進行 檢驗並探討在性別衝突下，兩性的適應策略及其機制。結果發現，四紋豆象 交尾過程可分成三個階段：安撫期 (Patting)、靜止期 (Stability)及拒斥期 (Kicking);再針對每個階段行為之間的相關性以及與生殖力 (fecundity) 之關 係進行探討。結果發現，經中斷拒斥行為的雌蟲，其再交尾的時間也較正常 交尾且有拒斥行為的雌蟲提早，支持假說二;但其總產卵量則較正常交尾且 有拒斥行為的雌蟲為高，並未支持假說一。根據試驗結果推論：就雌蟲而言， 生殖孔道的傷害代價 (cost) 是很大的，但雄蟲可能可以經由生殖孔道傷害所 造成的傷口傳送一些物質進入雌蟲體內刺激生殖組織;就雄蟲而言，利用交 尾器的硬刺將雌蟲生殖孔道刺傷，延長了雌蟲再交尾的時間以降低精子競 爭，雄蟲因此而獲利。The aedeagus of the male seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus bears sclerotized spines that damage the female genital tract during copulation. The female repeatedly kicks the male towards the end of copulation. These functionally diametric sexual traits were proposed to form the basis of sexual conflict. There are at least two non-exclusive ways in which genital wounding could increase the fitness of male C. maculatus. First, increased-oviposition hypothesis. Second, delayed re-mating hypothesis. This study was designed to test these two hypotheses. C. maculatus copulation behavior was observed in detail and divided into three distinct stages, patting, stability, and kicking. Females that performed a longer kicking duration, may have sustained more genital damage, did not laid significantly more eggs. This result thus does not support the increased-oviposition hypothesis. Moreover, when copulation was interrupted (so that kicking did not occur), interrupted females laid more eggs than did females that were not interrupted. These results suggest that male-induced genital-tract damage is costly for females. In addition, we found that females that copulated completely postponed re-mating for a longer time than did females whose kicking behavior was interrupted. Therefore, a male increased his fitness by extending the female re-mating interval, and the eggs that a female laid during that re-mating interval would be fertilized with his sperm. Higher fertilization success favor males that cause genital damages in females. Male-male competition therefore leads to sexual conflict in C. maculatus.application/pdf103621 bytesapplication/pdfzh-TW國立臺灣大學昆蟲學系暨研究所genital damagesexual conflictcopulating behaviorCallosobruchus maculatus[SDGs]SDG16reporthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/12585/1/912313B002334.pdf