黃乾綱Huang, Chien-Kang臺灣大學:工程科學及海洋工程學研究所蔡瀚逸Tsai, Han-iHan-iTsai2010-07-142018-06-282010-07-142018-06-282008U0001-2311200813123500http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/189003由於現代人日常生活過於繁忙、壓力過大，常常自我身體發生變化都不知道，一直要等到生病才會就醫，而大醫院健檢不僅費用昂貴且費時，就因如此，往往失去第一時間治療的最好時機。根據民國96年行政院衛生署台灣地區國人主要十大死因，心臟疾病占9.3%排名第二位，由此可見心臟疾病對我國國人的為害極為重要。醫師與醫護人員通常使用心電圖(Electrocardiogram ,ECG)中的頻率變化來判讀心臟是否有異常現象，故本論文的主旨為發展一個簡易並能隨時測量心電圖頻率的系統，讓始用者能隨時隨地在居家透過此系統，掌握本身的心電訊號狀況，免於悲劇發生。 本系統在類比訊號處理模組中，採用運算放大器來實現放大訊號以及濾波。在數位訊號處理模組中，採用德州儀器的MSP430微處理器，利用12bits ADC轉化將類比心電圖訊號轉變為數位訊號，再用快速傅立葉轉化將時域的心電圖訊號轉變為頻率域的心電圖訊號，最後透過UART傳送給電腦，電腦接收到數據轉變使用為心電頻譜圖。如此一來便可以自我觀察，發現心律不整的現象，及早預防心臟方面的疾病。People usually ignore how their bodies react in the middle of busy and stress life. Although annual health check-ups can provide people health information, it is costing and time consuming. Moreover, people might miss the best treatment time since they cannot get the real-time health information. A study “10 leading causes of death in Taiwan” which was reported by Taiwanese government in 2007 shows that “heart disease” ranks a second, representing 9.3% of the death among Taiwanese resident. As a result, the observation of heart disease is an important topic in our daily life. In the hospital, doctors and nurses can use Electrocardiogram, ECG, to determine whether the patient’s rhythm has return abnormal result. This thesis will provide a real-time and easy to carry-on system for users to measure the Electrocardiogram at home and avoid the ignorance of heart disease. This self-monitoring system is composed by an analog processing module and a digital processing module. The analog processing module used OP-AMP to implement the amplifier circuit and filter circuits. In the digital processing module, a Texas Instrument microprocessor MSP430 is applied to convert analog signals to digital signals by a 12bits ADC and then using Fast-Fourier-Transform method, FFT, to get the Electrocardiogram in the frequency domain. Furthermore, the Electrocardiogram related information would be delivered to PC by using the UART interface. PC would analyze the data and provide users the frequency-spectrum. By using this system, users would be able to observe the abnormal rhythm and protect themselves from heart disease.目錄試委員會審定書 I謝 II文摘要 IIIbstract IV錄 V目錄 VIII目錄 XI一章 緒論 1.1 研究背景 1.2 ECG (Electrocardiogram)簡介 1.3 研究目的 5.4 各章節簡介 5二章 ECG量測原理與架構 6.1 ECG導程 6.2 量測模組 7.2.1 儀表放大器 7.2.2 運算放大器 10.2.3 開發版與燒入器 11.2.4 ADC轉換模組 12.3 ECG電路架構 13.3.1 濾波器(Filter) 14.3.1.1 Sallen-Key Filter 14.3.1.2 Sallen-Key High pass Filter 18.3.1.3 Sallen-Key Low pass filter 19.3.1.4 Notch filter 21.4 傳輸方法 23.4.1 通用非同步收發器(Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, UART ) 23.4.2 SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface Bus) 24.4.3 I2C(Inter Integrated Circuit) 24.5 PC傳輸介面 25三章 ADC訊號轉換及原理 26.1 類比轉數位訊號 26.1.1 ADC轉換類型 26.1.1.1 SAR ADC 26.1.1.2 Flash ADC 26.1.1.3 Sigma-delta ADC 27.2 數位訊號取樣轉換 27.2.1 ADC 取樣計算 28.2.2 取樣週期 29.2.3 ADC轉換模式 29.3 傅立葉轉換 (Fourier Transform) 31.3.1 離散傅立葉轉換 (Discrete Fourier Transform , DFT) 31.3.2 快速傅立葉轉換 (Fast Fourier Transform , FFT) 31.3.3 位元反轉 (Bit-Reverse) 35.3.4 奈奎斯特定理(Nyquist Theorem) 35四章 實驗設計與結果 36.1 前置放大電路 36.2 Sallen-Key High pass Filter 37.3 Notch filer 40.4 Sallen-Key Low pass filter 41.5 箝位器 43.6 實驗結果 44五章 結論與未來展望 46.1 結論 46.2 未來展望 46考文獻 47錄 49136 bytestext/htmlen-US心電圖MSP430快速傅立葉轉換濾波器單極肢體導程ECGFFTFilterWilsonthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/189003/1/index.html