2015-08-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/650231摘要：硝化/氧合多環芳香烴之致突變性與致癌性遠高於一般多環芳香烴，且大多吸附於大氣中之懸浮微粒，可進行長程傳輸並沉降於水體；陣痛解熱劑、防曬劑、美容用品保存劑等使用量大，且有些具有相當程度之脂溶性與雌激性。硝化/氧合多環芳香烴之研究目前僅限於空氣與少數土壤污染，對於水體尚屬分析方法開發階段；個人保健品則大多集中於各類水體之報導。針對上述化合物，其是否吸附於底泥造成河川長期且高量之污染、是否累積於水中生物、於魚類組織間之分布為何、是否藉由食物鏈導致人體暴露等議題，缺乏各類相關基質一併探討之資訊，其環境流布及生態影響亦甚少報導。本計畫將透過 102 年度所開發之分析方法，以高流速固相萃取、基質固相散佈、或 QuEChERS 等簡易之樣本前處理方式，利用極致液相層析/串聯式質譜儀大氣壓光游離，搭配同位素稀釋技術，同時偵測河水、底泥、魚體組織(包含魚肉、肝臟、生殖腺、卵)中 5 種硝化多環芳香烴、3種氧合多環芳香烴、14 種個人保健品成分，共 22 種化合物。本研究希冀以兩年之時間，調查與比較臺灣基隆河、烏溪、與高屏溪上述化合物於河水、底泥、魚體之濃度，共近 600 個樣本，呈現臺灣具不同特性的重要河川中此類物質之污染現況、底泥吸附情形、魚體暴露量、生物累積性、與魚體內之分布特性，並以統計方法連結魚體生長指標，提供環境生態風險評估之重要資訊。 <br> Abstract: Nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) are highly mutagenic and carcinogenic; most of them partition to air particulates and are persistent enough for long-range transport and then deposit to water. Some personal care products (PCPs), such as analgesics, UV filters, and cosmetic preservatives, are somewhat lipophilic and are used in a large scale. Existing studies on NPAHs and OPAHs primarily focus on issues of air pollution, and reports of PCPs are mainly on their levels in water; thus, the information is extremely limited on their deposits on sediment, bioaccumulation in aquatic creatures, and potential contamination in the food chain. To investigate into the environmental fate and ecological effects of these chemicals, this study will utilize a developed assay by our team to analyze five NPAHs, three OPAHs, and 14 personal care product ingredients in water, sediment, and fish tissues, which including muscle, liver, gonad, and eggs. The method will utilize high-flow solid-phase extraction, matrix solid-phase dispersion, or QuEChERS for sample preparation, which are simple to perform and do not require complex or expensive apparatus. The instrumental analysis will be done on ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) and the analytes will be quantified using isotope-dilution techniques. In the two-year study, the samples of water, sediment and fish tissues will be collected from the Keelung River, the Wu River, and the Kaoping River in Taiwan, which the contamination sources are significantly different. The levels of the analytes in these matrixes, in the total of near 600 samples, will provide associations of analyte concentrations among these matrixes, and answer questions on their potential adsorption to sediment, bioaccumulation, and distributions among the fish organs. Linear regression models will be used to explore crucial chemicals associating with gross morphometric indices. This project will reveal the levels and partitions of the 22 analytes among river water, sediment, and fish tissues, which will facilitate the environmental and ecological risk assessment on NPAHs, OPAHs, and PCPs.新興污染物極致液相層析/串聯式質譜儀基質固相散佈生物樣本環境介質固相萃取硝化多環芳香烴氧合多環芳香烴非類固醇類消炎劑防曬劑美容用品保存劑emerging contaminantultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD)fish tissueenvironmental matrixsolid-phase extraction (SPE)nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonoxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonnon-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)UV filtercosmetic preservativeQuEChERS