2003-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/671905摘要：此研究計畫在推導一個理論和可量化的人力財的累積模型。在模型中，我假設公私立學校同時存在，且借貸市場是不完全的。個人的差別在於他們的天賦和與生俱有的能力。人力財的累積和個人的投入(學習能力)，學校素質(每個學生的花費和同儕素質)，家庭投入(父母親的教育程度)，及外部性(社區的平均人力財)有關。政府提供公立學校並對選擇私立學校的人加以補助(教育券計畫)。本研究計畫的重點在於分析教育券計畫的等級及涵蓋範圍和引入同儕素質所帶來的影響。我發現提高教育券計畫的等級後，原本選擇私立學校的人會提高對教育的投資，而一部份原本選擇公立學校的人會轉而選擇私立學校。因此，提高教育券計畫的等級會同時提高經濟成長率和所得分配不均。另一方面，提高教育券計畫的涵蓋範圍可以幫助一些因為不完全借貸市場的存在而少量投資在人力財上的人使他們能夠增加在教育方面的投資。這樣做使得經濟成長率和所得分配不均有可能是上升或是下降的。同儕素質的加入會加強教育券制度對教育投資的影響。<br> Abstract: A theoretical and computational study of an environment with the coexistence of private and public schools and imperfect credit markets is presented. Individuals differ from each other by their innate abilities and endowments. The accumulation function of human capital is characterized by the personal input (innate ability), schools inputs (expenditures per students and the peer group effect), family input (parental human capital) and the externality (average human capital of the community). Government provides public schools and vouchers for households attending private schools. The impacts of the scale and scope of the voucher systems are analyzed. We find that as the amount of vouchers increases, individuals who attend private schools will increase their investments in education while some agents will switch from public schools to private schools. Hence, a policy to raise the scale of the voucher systems will increase both the growth rate and income inequality. On the other hand, government can help constrained agents to overcome the problem of the underinvestment in education by enlarging the coverage of the eligible households for vouchers. Doing so might increase or decrease the income inequality. The peer group effects will increase the impacts of the voucher systems.所得不均不完全借貸市場教育券計畫同儕影響。Income InequalityImperfect Credit MarketsVoucher ProgramsPeer Group Effects.