王泰昌Wang, Tay Chang臺灣大學:會計學研究所張裕任Yu-Ren, ZhangZhangYu-Ren2010-05-052018-06-292010-05-052018-06-292008U0001-1007200800535900http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/179862自從政府實施金融自由化,逐步解除對於外資持股的限制之後,外資在本國股票市場所扮演的角色日益重要,無論股票成交值及上市公司股權結構中外資持股的比例都大幅提高。本研究係以台灣上市上櫃公司為研究對象,主要目的是欲分析公司特性是否會影響外資持股偏好,使用兩因子誤差成分模型和資料切齊迴歸模型來建立影響外資持股偏好的迴歸方程式。實證模型主要是檢定安全性、資訊不對稱及公司治理機制等公司特性是否會影響外資投資組合之持股偏好。 本文研究結果顯示: (1)外資針對台灣股市投資會把投資安全性列為重要考量,外資為確保投資資金可以順利取回,偏好持有獲利性較佳、負債比例較低、高現金股利收益率之企業;(2)資訊不對稱是外國投資者從事跨國投資所面臨的最大問題,外資偏好持有上市時間較久、規模較大、跨市場掛牌上市、MSCI成分股、出口導向及聘任國際性會計師查核的公司;(3)當管理者持股比重低於60%,隨著管理者持股比重增加,外資在其投資組合中會給於較高之權重,此結果支持利益收斂原則,但當管理者持股超過60%,管理者持股比率越高的公司,外資持股比重反而越低,此結果支持掠奪假說,因為控制股東可能會傷害外部股東權益,相反的,外資偏好具有外部大額股東來制衡管理者的公司,大額股東持股率與外資持股偏好呈顯著正相關;(4)董監事質押比重與外資持股偏好呈顯著負相關,外資不願持股董監事高質押的公司,此結果表示外資會迴避具有潛在代理成本的公司。Since the liberation of financial system gradually removes limits of foreign ownerships, foreign investors became important roles in Taiwan stock markets. Regardless of trading value of stocks and the ratio of foreign ownerships in ownership structure of listed firm have greatly grown. This paper studies the characteristics of the foreign ownerships of firms listed in Taiwan Stock Exchange and GreTai Securities market. The empirical model was to assess whether the safety, informational asymmetries and corporate governance will affect portfolio preferences of foreign investors. This study uses two way error component model and the censored regression model to examine the relationship between the various characteristic of firms and the foreign investor’s portfolio preferences. The main results of this study are summarized as follows: (1) Foreign investors consider prudence in investing in Taiwanese stock markets as essential. They favor firms with high profitability, low liability, and high cash dividend yields. (2) Information asymmetries are chief problems faced by international investors. Foreigner investors prefer to firms with larger size, longer history, cross-listing, MSCI membership, export orientation and financial statement audited by international auditing firms. (3) When managerial ownerships are lower than 60%, the increase of managerial ownerships will lead to the increase of weight on the foreign portfolio. This finding is consistent with the principal of interest convergence. However, when managerial ownerships are greater than 60%, the increase of managerial ownerships will lead to the decrease of the weight on the foreign portfolio. This finding is consistent with the entrenchment effect because controlling shareholders may entrench outside stockholders. In contrast, foreign investors prefer to hold the firms with the outside block-holders to bind managers. (4) There is a negative relationship between share as collateral by the board of directors and preferences of the portfolio held by foreign investors. Foreign investors do not prefer to hold the firms with higher ratio of pledged director ownership, which implied that foreign investors will avoid to holding the firms with potential agency problems.口試委員會審定書 i謝 ii文摘要 iii文摘要 iv錄 v目錄 vii一章 前言 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的 2二章 文獻探討與假說建立 7 2.1 安全性與外資持股偏好之關係 7 2.2 資訊不對稱與外資持股偏好之關係 9 2.2.1公司規模與外資持股的關係 10 2.2.2 上市時間與外資持股的關係 11 2.2.3 外銷比率與外資持股的關係 11 2.2.4 跨市場掛牌上市與外資持股的關係 12 2.2.5 外資是否偏好持有MSCI成分股的公司 13 2.2.6 外資是否偏好持有聘任國際性會計師事務所查核的公司 13 2.3 公司治理與外資持股偏好之關係 15 2.3.1 董事會獨立性與外資持股的關係 16 2.3.2 董事會領導結構與外資持股的關係 17 2.3.3 管理者持股與外資持股的關係 17 2.3.4 董監事質押與外資持股的關係 19 2.3.5 大額股東持股與外資持股的關係 20三章 研究設計與方法 21 3.1 資料來源與樣本選取 21 3.2 實證模型 21 3.2.1 安全性、資訊不對及公司治理與外資持股的迴歸模型 24 3.2.2 安全性、資訊不對及公司治理與外資持股關聯性之資料切齊迴歸模 27 3.2.3 管理者持股與外資持股之截斷式迴歸模型 29四章 敘述統計、單變量與多變量結果分析 31 4.1 全體外資在各產業之持股分佈情況 31 4.2 敘述性統計 32 4.3 相關係數矩陣分析 33 4.4 公司特性與外資持股關係之單變量分析 35 4.5 控制外資產業偏好及時間效果之迴歸分析結果 42 4.6 考慮外資持股資料切齊的迴歸結果 45 4.7 截斷式迴歸分析結果 48 4.8 安全性、資訊不對稱及公司治理對於外資與投信投資策略影響的差異 53 4.9 敏感性分析 57五章 結論與建議 63 5.1 研究結論 63 5.2 研究建議 65考文獻 67135 bytestext/htmlen-US安全性資訊不對稱市場投資組合外資持股公司治理SafetyInformation asymmetryMarket portfolioCorporate governanceForeigner ownership安全性、資訊不對稱、公司治理與外資持股偏好之關連性Evidence on the Association between Safety, Information Asymmetry, Corporate Governance and Portfolio Preferences of Foreign Investorshttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/179862/1/index.html