2016-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/696040摘要：「蝠蠅」是專屬於蝙蝠的吸血性外寄生雙翅目昆蟲，包含蛛蠅 (Nycteribiidae) 與蝙蝠蠅(Streblidae) 二科，是蝙蝠各類外寄生蟲中物種豐富度最高的類群。蝠蠅已被證實會攜帶蝙蝠之病菌而可能在蝙蝠相關的動物傳染病上扮演病媒的角色。然而，蝠蠅傳播蝙蝠相關傳染病的程度會受到其宿主專一性的影響。形塑寄生蟲宿主專一性的兩大主要機制分別是「遭遇(encounter)」與「相容性(compatibility)」，也就是寄生蟲有無機會遭遇不同宿主，及在不同宿主身上是否能順利存活繁衍。蝠蠅具高度宿主專一性，但目前尚無研究同時評估「遭遇」與「相容性」二機制如何影響蝠蠅的宿主專一性。因此，本研究利用東亞摺翅蝠(Miniopterus fuliginosus)身上的姜宜蛛蠅 (Penicillidia jenynsii)、寄生於臺灣葉鼻蝠 (Hipposideros armiger terasensis) 上的蝙蝠蠅Brachytarsina sp.，以及12 種臺灣蝙蝠物種為材料，藉由「轉移、存活」測試，探討「遭遇」與「相容性」相對重要性，同時評估蝠蠅跨物種寄生之能力。此外，基於2015 年核定計畫後進行的採樣，已收集記錄4 種以上未發表蝠蠅，本研究將持續透過廣泛、嚴謹且避免汙染的採集，建立臺灣蝠蠅名錄及其主要宿主連結。<br> Abstract: Batflies of Nycteribiidae and Streblidae are blood-sucking parasitic Diptera that live exclusively on bats. They are the most species-rich group among all ectoparasites of bats. Bat flies are known to carry bat-related pathogens, and, therefore, are potential vectors of bat-related zoonoses. However, the capacity of batflies in spreading bat-related infectious diseases depends on their host specificity. Two main mechanisms that have been proposed to affect host specificity of parasites are how easy parasites can "encounter" different hosts and "compatibility" of parasites, i.e., ability of parasites to survive and multiply on different hosts. Although batflies have high degree of host specificity, few studies have been conducted to assess the relative importance of "encounter" and "compatibility" in affecting host specificity of batflies. Therefore, we intended to evaluate relative importance of "encounter" and "compatibility" in affecting host specificity of batflies. We will transfer batflies, Penicillidia jenynsi and Brachytarsina sp., collected from the cave-dwellers, the Japanese long-fingered bats (Miniopterus fuliginosus) and Formosan leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros armiger terasensis) , to others 12 bat species in Taiwan. In addition, we have identified at least 4 new species of batflies in the 2015 project and will continue updating the taxonomy of Taiwan batflies and their host list will be created.蛛蠅科蝙蝠蠅科宿主專一性相容性偏好NycteribiidaeStreblidaehost-specificitycompatibilitypreference