2016-03-102024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/684409摘要：歐亞水獺為我國野生動物保育法所列瀕臨絕種保育類野生動物，目前臺澎金馬等地區中，除金門仍有水獺棲息外，臺灣本島歐亞水獺的狀況仍待查明。而金門歐亞水獺的存續也因受到棲地破壞與路殺等威脅，因此其域內與域外保育亟待妥善規劃與推動落實。 本計畫於民國105年3-12月間，每季前往金門地區固定樣點收集歐亞水獺新鮮排遺一次，總計採集到352管分子樣本由台大團隊以14組微衛星體基因標記分析其中DNA組成，202袋荷爾蒙樣本由臺北市立動物園評估以排遺分析荷爾蒙含量之可行性。目前完成五月份全數16管排遺樣本及八月份14管排遺的分析，鑑定出4隻個體(含2雄、1雌及1性別未知個體)。其中一隻為曾在2015年4月同樣見於蘭湖之編號138號個體，其餘樣本仍在分析中。 在臺灣本島水獺調查部分，本計畫前往高雄調查地點收回並檢視自動相機資料，但未拍到任何水獺影像；前往苗栗造橋訪談曾經在全臺各地獵捕水獺之獵人，評估現今可能仍有水獺活動之地點；訪談雪霸國家公園、太魯閣國家公園保育課同仁，有關近期水獺發現之記錄；出席羅東林區管理處保育增能培訓課程，講授水獺生態與痕跡辨識，並請參與講習之羅東林區管理處與宜蘭縣政府同仁、志工，宜蘭大學師生協助注意野外水獺活動之資訊，但截至年底均無水獺近期出現之紀錄。 研究期間，本計畫持續與金門縣政府、金門國家公園、金門民間保育組織、以及國際歐亞水獺保育研究團體，包括荷蘭水獺基金會(Stichting Otterstation Nederland or Dutch Otterstation Foundation)、英國國際水獺存續基金會(International Otter Survival Fund)等聯繫，研商金門地區歐亞水獺棲地改善、保存、營造之地點與方式。包括赴金門國家公園發表金門水獺族群生態研究成果，訪談金門縣政府與金門縣野生動物救援暨保育協會有關近期金門地區開發案對水獺棲息的影響，並提供後續工作建議；同時接受媒體採訪，說明水獺在金門與周邊地區族群現況、受威脅程度，並強調金門水系的聯結，水質、水量的維護，金門西岸水獺現有棲地的保存，對水獺保育的重要性；以及協助分析本年度金門所發現六隻死亡水獺個體之遺傳資料。 由於本計畫團隊所執行歐亞水獺相關研究受到國際重視，計畫主持人獲英國國際水獺存續基金會之邀，於9月5-10日出席該基金會於廣東珠海籌辦的「亞洲濕地與水獺研習」，並於會議討論後擔任後續臺灣、香港、大陸地區水獺保育研究網絡之聯絡人，協調與推動此區水獺保育研究工作，包括透過WWF駐香港辦公室，協調該組織在福建等大陸沿海地區執行溼地調查的人員注意水獺的狀況。 <br> Abstract: The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)is listed as an endangered species in the Wildlife Conservation Act. Although the species can still be found in Kinmen, its status in Taiwan is unclear and needs to be investigated. In addition, survival of the species in Kinmen is threatened by habitat loss and frequent incidents of roadkill. Therefore, it is critical for the survival of the species to plan and implement appropriate in situ and ex situ conservation. We visited Kinmen once each quarter to collect fresh fecal samples of Euraian otter at fixed sites during the period from March to December 2016. A total of 352 samples were to be used for DNA analysis using 14 microsatellite markers by the NTU team, and 202 samples will be used for hormone analysis at the Taipei city Zoo. So far, analysis of the May (16) and August (14) samples revealed 4 individuals (2 males, one female, and one unknown yet). One of the individuals was number 138 which had been found in the same area where its fecal sample was collected this year. Analysis of other samples is still going on. In terms of Eurasian otter survey in Taiwan, we retrieved photo images from camera traps set in several remote areas of Kaohsiung County, interviewed a former hunter in Miaoli County; interviewed conservation staff of Shei-pa and Taroko National Park; and gave a lecture on otter ecology and otter tracks and sign at a capacity building workshop of Luodong Forest District Office, Taiwan Forestry Bureau, and asked participants of the workshop, including staff and volunteers of Yilan County Government and students of National Yilan University, to report any possible records of Eurasian otter. So far, we have not received any positive sighting record yet. During the study period, we continued to keep close contact with Kinmen County Government, Kinmen National Park, NGOs in Kinmen, and international otter conservation and research groups, such as the Dutch Otterstation Foundation (Stichting Otterstation Nederland) and International Otter Survival Fund in UK, to find out the best way to save, improve and even create suitable habitats of Eurasian otter in Kinmen. We gave an oral presentation on the result of our study on ecology of Eurasian otter at Kinmen National Park, visited Kinmen County Government and Kinmen County Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Association to discuss the impact of recent development projects on otter habitat in Kinmen and provided recommendations on follow-up work. At the same time, we accepted media interview, explaining the otter population status and threats otters face in Kinmen and surrounding areas, emphasizing the importance of linking water channels (blue belt), maintaining water quality and quantity in Kinmen, preserving existing otter habitats in the west coast of the island. We also helped analyse genetic data of the dead otters found in Kinmen island. Our study has received international attention and the PI of the project (Ling-Ling Lee) was invited by International Otter Survival Fund in UK to give a lecture at “the Asian Otters and Wetlands Training Workshop” held in Zhuhai, China, 5-10 September 2016. Lee was then appointed to serve as the liaison of otter conservation research network in Taiwan, Hong Kong, mainland China after the training workshop, coordinating and promoting otter conservation research in this region, including coordinating WWF Hong Kong Office to pay special attention to otter status in their wetland survey in Fujian Province and other coastal areas in China.歐亞水獺域內保育域外保育金門臺灣Lutra lutrain situ conservationex situ conservationKinmenTaiwan