謝文陽2006-07-252018-06-282006-07-252018-06-282000http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/14740本研究在台灣北部沿海設立11 個採樣 點，針對分布於此間的好鹽性兼性嫌氣性發 酵產氣細菌之生菌數和種多樣性進行調查， 並期待能發掘出前所未見的種類。調查結果 發現在各採樣點中，對象菌的密度介於101 至104 cells/100 ml 之間。篩選出的四十三株 好鹽性兼性嫌氣性發酵產氣菌中，有十二株 在繼代培養過程中，失去於發酵醣類時產氣 的性質，其餘分離株，皆為以極性鞭毛運動 之革蘭氏陰性桿菌，它們都能以葡萄糖作為 生長所需之唯一碳源，且都無法生長於不含 鈉鹽的培養基中。這三十一株分離株依其表 型特性，可區分成五群。第一群：僅有一株； 菌落呈紅色，圓形；細胞為弧形桿狀；氧化 反應為負；可還原硝酸鹽；能利用mannitol 為唯一碳源。第二群：共六株；菌落呈白色， 稍透明，圓形；細胞呈弧形桿狀；氧化反 應為負；可還原硝酸鹽；能利用mannitol 為 唯一碳源。第三群：共三株；菌落呈白色， 稍透明，圓形；細胞為弧形桿狀；氧化反 應為正；無還原硝酸鹽能力；能利用mannitol 為唯一碳源。第四群：共三株；菌落呈白色， 不透明，圓形；細胞呈短直桿狀；氧化反 應為正；可還原硝酸鹽；無法利用mannitol 為唯一碳源。第五群：共十八株；菌落呈白 色，稍透明，圓形；細胞呈弧形桿狀；氧化 反應為正；可還原硝酸鹽；能利用mannitol 為唯一碳源。這五群之代表株經16S rDNA 定序與親緣分析後發現，它們都是屬於弧菌 科( Vibrionaceae )中的弧菌屬( Vibrio )或發光 菌屬 ( Photobacterium )。就16S rRNA 序列 之相似度而言，與第一群唯一菌株NFG1 最 相似之菌種為無產氣能力的Vibrio fluvialis (相似度93.7 % )及亦具有紅色色素和產氣能 力的Vibrio gazogenes (相似度93.6 % )。第二 群的代表株NFG2 之最相似菌種為Vibrio furnissii (相似度97.8 % )。第三群代表株 NFG3 之最相似菌種為無產氣能力的Vibrio tubiashi (相似度96.6 % )。第四群代表株 NFG4 之最相似菌種為Photobacterium damselae subsp . damselae (相似度98.8 % )。 第五群的代表株NFG5 之最相似菌種為 Vibrio furnissii (相似度96.7 % )。依照表型與 16S rDNA 序列分析的結果，NFG1 與NFG3 可確定為新種， NFG4 應可歸類於 Photobacterium damselae subsp . damselae，至 於其他二株代表株之分類地位，則有待進一 步確認。A search for halophilic, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that ferment carbohydrates with gas production has been made in the present study. The most-probable-number ( MPN ) counting values of these bacteria in the coastal seawater collected from northern Taiwan were estimated to be in the range of 101 to 104 cells/100 ml. Forty-three bacterial strains that ferment carbohydrates with gas production were isolated from the MPN counting tubes. 3 Twelve lost the gas-producing property after subculture among them. All the other isolates were Gram-negative, and motile by polar flagella. They were able to grow in a mineral medium containing D-glucose, and could ferment carbohydrates with gas production. These isolates required Na+ for growth. According to phenotypes, thirty-one strains were divided into five groups. Group 1 contained only one strain, which produced red colonies. The cells were curved rods in shape and oxidase-negative. The strain was able to assimilate mannitol as sole carbon source, and reduced nitrate. Group 2 contained six strains, which produced white and transparent colonies. The cells were curved rods in shape and oxidase-negative. The strains were able to assimilate mannitol as sole carbon source, and reduced nitrate. Group 3 contained three strains, which also produced white and transparent colonies. The cells were curved rods in shape and oxidase-positive. The strains were able to assimilate mannitol as sole carbon source, and couldn’t reduce nitrate. Group 4 contained three strains, which produced white and opaque colonies. The cells were short and straight rods in shape and oxidase-positive. The strains weren’t able to assimilate mannitol as sole carbon source, and reduced nitrate. Group 5 contained eighteen strains, which produced white and transparent colonies. The cells were curved rods in shape and oxidase-positive. The strains were able to assimilate mannitol as sole carbon source, and reduced nitrate. The levels of 16S rDNA sequence similarity compared with any sequences available in the GeneBank database revealed that the representative strains NFG1 and NFG3 of Group 1 and Group 3 could be considered to represent various new species. The representative strain NFG4 of Group 4 was identified as Photobacterium damselae subsp . damselae. The taxonomic status of NFG2 and NFG5 that representative strains of Group 2 and Group 5 couldn’t be determined.application/pdf41137 bytesapplication/pdfzh-TW國立臺灣大學海洋研究所好鹽性發酵產氣16S rDNA 序列halophilicferment carbohydrates with gas production16S rDNA sequencereporthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/14740/1/892313B002086.pdf