Liu, H.-S.H.-S.LiuChung, H.-W.H.-W.ChungChou, M.-C.M.-C.ChouLiou, M.M.LiouWang, C.-Y.C.-Y.WangKao, H.-W.H.-W.KaoChiang, S.-W.S.-W.ChiangJuan, C.-J.C.-J.JuanHuang, G.-S.G.-S.HuangChen, C.-Y.C.-Y.ChenHSIAO-WEN CHUNG2018-09-102018-09-102013http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84879937393&partnerID=MN8TOARShttp://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/380171BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE - : Brain enhancement on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CET1-WI) after ischemic stroke is generally accepted as an indicator of the blood-brain barrier disruption. However, this phenomenon usually starts to become visible at the subacute phase. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the time-course profiles of K, cerebral blood volume (vp), and CET1-WI with early detection of blood-brain barrier changes on K maps and their role for prediction of subsequent hemorrhagic transformation in acute middle cerebral arterial infarct. METHODS - : Twenty-six patients with acute middle cerebral arterial stroke and early spontaneous reperfusion, whose MR images were obtained at predetermined stroke stages, were included. T2*-based MR perfusion-weighted images were acquired using the first-pass pharmacokinetic model to derive K and vp. Parenchymal enhancement observed on maps of K, vp, and CET1-WI at each stage was compared. Association among these measurements and hemorrhagic transformation was analyzed. RESULTS - : K map showed significantly higher parenchymal enhancement in ischemic parenchyma as compared with that of vp map and CET1-WI at early stroke stages (P<0.05). The increased K at acute stage was not associated with parenchymal enhancement in CET1-WI at the same stage. Parenchymal enhancement in CET1-WI started to occur at the late subacute stage and tended to be luxury reperfusion-dependent. Patients with hemorrhagic transformation showed higher mean K values as compared with patients without hemorrhagic transformation (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS - : Postischemic brain enhancement on routine CET1-WI seems to be closely related to the luxury reperfusion at the late subacute stage and is not dependent on microvascular permeability changes at the acute stage. ? 2013 American Heart Association, Inc.bloodbrain barrier; Ktrans; parenchymal enhancement[SDGs]SDG3article; blood vessel permeability; brain hemorrhage; brain infarction; brain ischemia; clinical article; contrast enhancement; contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging; disease severity; human; middle cerebral artery occlusion; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; priority journal; reperfusion; blood-brain barrier; Ktrans; parenchymal enhancement; Acute Disease; Adult; Brain Ischemia; Capillary Permeability; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Chronic Disease; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Image Enhancement; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Strokejournal article10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001558