蔡向榮臺灣大學：獸醫學研究所張秀梅Chang, Hsou-MeiHsou-MeiChang2007-11-282018-07-092007-11-282018-07-092004http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/60004本試驗由無臨床症狀的一日齡小雞分離到八株家禽腺病毒（FAVs），萃取FAV分離株之DNA並依照Zsak和Kisary（Intervirology 22:110-114, 1984）的分類方法進行限制酶切割反應，可將此八株分離株區分為A及C基因群。另外，依照Raue和Hess（J Virol Methods 73:211-217, 1998）之分類方法亦可將此八株分離株歸類到與上述相同的A、C基因群，並可對照限制酶切割圖譜推測分離株屬於第1及第4血清型（FAV-1&FAV-4）。以病毒中和試驗區分FAV分離株血清型的結果印證了上述推測。爾後進行病原性試驗，取FAV分離株口服接種103 TCID50於一日齡無特定病原（SPF）小雞，並接種cyclophosphamide測試分離株於免疫抑制下之病原性。結果A基因群之兩株分離株於免疫抑制下可顯著抑制雞隻之生長，但C基因群之分離株無須免疫抑制即可抑制雞隻生長。調查本試驗之八株FAV分離株來源雞場的10個血清型中和抗體力價，除了B場偵測不到FAV-3的抗體外，其餘血清型之抗體陽性率介於4.2%到91.7%之間。調查台灣肉雞、有色雞及種雞之FAV-1、FAV-4與FAV-8之中和抗體，小於2週之白肉雞其FAV-1、FAV-4與FAV-8抗體陽性率分別為58.1％、12.9％及70.4％，大於25週之種雞其FAV-1、FAV-4與FAV-8抗體陽性率分別為46.4％、12.1％與69.0％，其餘週齡雞群之FAV-1與FAV-4中和力價都偏低，但大於8週有色雞之FAV-8中和抗體陽性率卻高於76.0％，以上結果顯示FAV-8於所有雞場之感染皆是三者中最嚴重的。另2000-2001年間於台灣全省所收集之鴿子血清，檢測1080個樣本之FAV-1中和抗體與888個樣本之FAV-8中和抗體，結果均偵測不到任何抗體。Eight fowl adenoviruses (FAVs) were isolated from day-old chicks without clinical signs. The DNA of these FAVs was extracted and analyzed by the restriction enzyme digestion method as described by Zsak and Kisary (Intervirology 22:110-114, 1984). The result indicated that FAV strains isolated in Taiwan can be grouped into two major DNA groups, A and C. Further comparison based on the method by Raue and Hess (J Virol Methods 73:211-217, 1998), showed that the eight Taiwanese FAVs were assigned into the same two DNA groups and corresponded to the serotype 1 and 4 (FAV-1&FAV-4). The virus neutralization test of the eight FAVs also showed the same result. The virulence of Taiwanese isolates was studied in day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks. Each chick was orally inoculated with one strain of the virus at the dose of 103 TCID50. The results revealed that two DNA-group A strains significantly retarded the growth of the chicks with immunosuppression but the DNA-group C trains did without immuno- suppression. Serums from the flocks that the eight Taiwanese strains were isolated from were tested for virus-neutralizing antibody against 10 serotypes of FAV. In addition to FAV-3 in flock B, the antibody positive rates of the other serotypes were between 4.2% and 91.7%. The virus-neutralizing test was also used to examine serum obtained from white broilers, hybrid broilers, and breeder chickens in Taiwan. The seroprevalence of FAV-1, FAV-4, and FAV-8 were 58.1%, 12.9%, and 70.4% respectively in white broilers younger than 2 weeks, and 46.4%, 12.1%, and 69.0% respectively in breeders older than 25 weeks. The other age flocks showed very low antibody positive rates of FAV-1 and FAV-4, but the antibody positive rate of FAV-8 in hybrid broilers older than 8 weeks was higher than 76.0%. The result revealed that FAV-8 infection was the most common of them in all flocks. Antibodies against FAV-1 and FAV-8 were not detected in serum samples from the 1080 and 888 pigeons collected between Oct. 2000 and Sep. 2001 in Taiwan.中文摘要 Ⅱ 英文摘要 Ⅲ 目次 Ⅳ 表次 Ⅴ 圖次 Ⅵ 第一章 緒言 1 第二章 文獻探討 3 第一節 禽類腺病毒之歷史背景 3 第二節 禽類腺病毒之分類 3 第三節 家禽腺病毒之病毒特性 4 第四節 家禽腺病毒之感受性動物 7 第五節 家禽腺病毒之病原性 7 第六節 家禽腺病毒之流行病學 11 第七節 家禽腺病毒感染症之診斷 12 第八節 家禽腺病毒之預防與控制 13 第三章 材料與方法 14 第一節 病毒分離與病毒定性 14 第二節 家禽腺病毒基因體DNA之限制酶片段多型性分析 14 第三節 以PCR方法診斷家禽腺病毒及PCR產物限制酶片段多型性分析 15 第四節 以中和試驗區分家禽腺病毒之血清型 15 第五節 家禽腺病毒分離株對無特定病原小雞之病原性試驗 16 第六節 雞群及鴿群之家禽腺病毒抗體調查 17 第四章 結果 18 第一節 病毒分離與病毒定性 18 第二節 家禽腺病毒基因體DNA之限制酶片段多型性分析 18 第三節 以PCR方法診斷家禽腺病毒及PCR產物限制酶片段多型性分析 19 第四節 以中和試驗區分家禽腺病毒之血清型 20 第五節 家禽腺病毒分離株對無特定病原小雞之病原性試驗 20 第六節 雞群及鴿群之家禽腺病毒抗體調查 21 第五章 討論 22 附表 26 附圖 35 參考文獻 46838072 bytesapplication/pdfen-US基因群雞家禽腺病毒血清型血清學調查病原性DNA groupschickenfowl adenovirusserotypeserological surveypathogenicitythesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/60004/1/ntu-93-R90629030-1.pdf