2008-10-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/678372摘要：近年來薄膜生物反應槽(Membrane bioreactor, MBR)已廣泛設計應用於污水處理程序。其優點如設備佔地面積小、低污泥產生量、高懸浮固體濃度中操作、及優越消毒及過濾能力等特性，未來在使用上將漸取代傳統活性污泥法及終沉池處理方法。然而其操作亟欲克服難題為胞外聚合物(EPS)的積垢生成，間接影響產水效率及薄膜壽命衰減等問題。胞外聚合物質為生物處理代謝所產生的高分子有機物質其組成複雜且難以界定其特性。為瞭解並研究定性及定量此物質在積垢生成中所扮演的角色，利用層析分離法、光學分析法分離不同特性之胞外聚合物質，藉由分離其官能基組成及分子量界定其胞外聚合物質對於積垢生成的影響，以建立積垢預防及清除之方法。 在實驗中探討改變不同的生物處理操作變因如：不同污泥齡的污泥、不同水力停留時間(HRT)、固體停留時間(SRT)、溶氧(DO)等變因，藉由甲醇及加熱萃取方法將胞外聚合物質分離萃取出來。搭配以膠體層析儀(GFC)分析其特性及胞外聚合物質定量。藉以瞭解生物處理系統操作中控制因子對於胞外聚合物質對積垢產生影響。與薄膜過濾通量及分析實驗等結合，進一步以釐清其積垢生成的機制，實驗將經由生物薄膜反應槽反覆操作試驗，找出最低濃度生成胞外聚合物質之控制參數，期能與實廠操作結合，藉由調整變因以最佳化操作參數。 在工程實廠操作上，分離萃取實驗有助於胞外聚合物質之積垢特性了解。研究生物處理系統控制參數定量所產生的胞外聚合物及薄膜操作程序上積垢定性分析結合。搭配物理、化學、超音波積垢清洗方法，以最佳化生物薄膜反應槽操作程序。 <br> Abstract: Membrane bio reactor (MBR) became the best available technology in the world for the waste water treatment because of their extensive use and advantages like MBR need smaller land area than conventional aerobic biological process, it can be operate at higher mixed liquor suspended solids concentration, having good disinfection capability, less sludge production, small reactor requirements and etc. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are high molecular weight compounds released by microorganisms causing major problem of fouling to the MBR and thus reducing the efficiency. Because of absence of good analytical method for EPS and contradictories at the fractions of EPS causing fouling to MBR, has generated the interest to develop a new analytical method for EPS by Gas Chromatography, FTIR and HPLC and to study the membrane fouling by EPS fractions and finally to develop a method for removal of fouling. EPS are extracted by formaldehyde and heating methods, form conventional activated sludge and also from extended age sludge. The extracted EPS were subjected to foul the membrane directly and also fractions of EPS by gel filtration chromatography (GFC) are subjected to foul the membrane to study the fouling mechanism. Our study also includes the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT), solid retention time (SRT), dissolved oxygen (DO) on concentration of EPS and its fractions causing fouling to MBR and to optimize these parameters to decrease the EPS concentrations and thus the fouling. From the results obtain we like to extend our study to the pilot plant to check the efficiency of membrane process for waste water treatment. In the engineering point of view and from our study we like to know the fraction of EPS causing major fouling to MBR, fouling mechanism and to develop optimized parameters for the membrane bio reactor to have better efficiency by decreasing the release of EPS.生物薄膜反應槽胞外聚合物質分離萃取法積垢預防清洗membrane bio reactorextracellular polymeric substancesfraction extraction of EPSRemoval of fouling.