2024-05-182024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/715341In 1978, the first-generation mobile communications system was introduced to the world. Since then, mobile communications systems had undergone three stages of evolution: the digital voice systems (second generation), the mobile data systems (third generation), and the mobile broadband systems (fourth generation). The emergence of these systems drastically changed how societies operated and how people communicated with one another over the past 30 years. As mobile communications systems underwent various stages of development, fundamental transmission technologies employed in mobile communications also changed to meet service demands. Such technologies first evolved from time division multiple access (TDMA; second generation) to code division multiple access (CDMA; third generation)and later to orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA; fourth generation). In addition, various types of radio access technologies such as wireless resource management techniques, frequency reuse techniques, and network deployment methods were developed. The rising popularity of mobile broadband created a rise in consumer demands for smart mobile devices and stimulated the growth of various application software. However, in recent years, the increase in the use of mobile broadband and mobile phone user penetration have created the problem of network overload in mobile communications, in which the growth in network capacity failed to meet the increase in mobile data traffic. The launch of fourth-generation(4G) mobile communications instigated user demand for mobile broadband as well as facilitated the widespread of applications that require high transmission speed. Therefore, mobile data traffic is expected to grow rapidly in the foreseeable future. The mobile communications industry predicts that after 2020,the 4G communications technology will be unable to satisfy the traffic demand; therefore, preliminary studies to develop a fifth-generation mobile communications system are being conducted. As network transmission speed continues to improve, applications processed by smart mobile devices also become increasingly complex. For example, these applications have evolved from text and images to real-time videos and 3D games, making high performance mobile computing application processors an increasingly important unit in smart mobile devices. Key technologies such as heterogeneous multi-core central processing units(CPU), graphics processor units (GPU), and multimedia as well as highly integrated systems on chip (SoC) with comprehensive mobile communication functions have made mobile phones thin and feature powerful functions. High mobile computing efficiency and powerful mobile communication functions became the core values of smart mobile devices, determining their competitiveness in the smart mobile device market. To meet the aforementioned technological challenges, MediaTek Inc. (hereafter referred to as MediaTek) and the National Taiwan University (NTU) founded the MediaTek-NTU Research Center(hereafter referred to as “the Center”) inside the NTU campus. The Center is responsible for various projects; the objective of the current project (hereafter referred to as “the Project.”) is to research and develop advanced technologies according to the development and trends of the various industries. The current focus of the Center is to research and develop handheld smart devices, in which the expertise of industry professionals as well as that of NTU students and professors is combined to develop advanced communication technologies (e.g., new versions of 4G standards or 5G communication) that create favorable user experience. This allows MediaTek and NTU to remain a global leader in the field of handheld mobile device-oriented technologies.行動通訊技術與智慧型終端之演進 : 自第一代行動通訊系統於1978年問世以來，歷經第二代(數位語音)、第三代(行動數據)與第四代(行動寬頻)行動通訊技術的演進，人類溝通方式及社會運作模式在過去三十年有了鉅大的轉變。為了承載不同階段的服務需求，行動通訊的基礎傳輸技術也由第二代的TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access)、第三代的CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)一路演進至第四代的OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)，並衍生出各種的無線資源管理技術、頻率複用技術、網路部署方法等無線接取技術(Radio Access Technology)。 由於行動寬頻網路的逐漸普及，帶動了消費者對智慧型行動終端的強烈需求並刺激各種應用軟體的爆炸性成長。但隨著行動寬頻應用的成長與用戶普及率的不斷升高，近年來不斷發生行動通訊網路超載的問題，網路容量的提升速度遠不及數據流量指數上升的幅度，而第四代(4G)行動通訊網路的部署同時激發了更多使用者對行動寬頻的需求，以及更高傳輸速率的應用之普及，也因此在可預見的未來數年行動通訊網路中所需承載的流量仍會持續快速增長，產業界預期第四代通訊技術將無法滿足2020年以後的流量需求，因此陸續開始第五代(5G)行動通訊系統的前期研究。另一方面，在網路傳輸速率持續提升的同時，智慧型行動終端所需要處理的應用也越來越複雜。從早期的文字與圖片，到現今流行的即時視訊與手機3D遊戲，更高效能的行動運算應用處理器(mobile computing application processor)在智慧型行動終端中逐漸扮演越來越關鍵的角色，同時具有異質(heterogeneous)之多核心(multi-core) CPU、GPU、多媒體和完整行動通訊功能的高整合性SoC成為手機得以輕薄又功能強大的關鍵技術，其中行動運算效能和行動通訊功能兩項關鍵能力則直接決定了智慧型行動裝置市場的核心價值和競爭力。面對前述嚴峻地技術上的挑戰，聯發科技與臺灣大學攜手在臺灣大學校園成立聯發科技-台大創新研究中心(MediaTek-NTU Research Center) 依據產業之脈動與趨勢，共同研發所需之前瞻技術。本研發中心目前以智慧手持裝置為研發重點，整合台大師生與業界研發能量，開發符合使用者體驗且整合前瞻通訊(如4G標準新版本與下一代之5G)的技術，以促使本校及合作廠商於次世代智慧手持裝置之重點技術領域，在全球均處於領導地位。