UN-IN WUChen M.-Y.REY-HENG HUSZU-MIN HSIEHWANG-HUEI SHENGLo Y.-C.CHIEN-CHING HUNGSHAN-CHWEN CHANG2020-02-242020-02-2420091201-9712https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-60849132454&doi=10.1016%2fj.ijid.2008.07.016&partnerID=40&md5=3e9d7401d872f4c574f81aec6a3d86cchttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/462087Background: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) often causes disseminated infection in patients at an advanced stage of HIV infection; however, peritonitis associated with disseminated MAC infection is rare. Methods: In this report, we describe five cases of MAC peritonitis in AIDS patients at our hospital, and analyze these cases alongside 11 previously published cases found in the literature. Results: Most of the AIDS patients with MAC peritonitis had CD4 counts of <50 cells/μl and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels. Other than ascites, MAC was also isolated from other sterile and non-sterile sites. Of note, six patients (37.5%) presented with chylous ascites. Conclusions: Despite therapy, MAC peritonitis is associated with a grave outcome. ? 2008 International Society for Infectious Diseases.[SDGs]SDG3alkaline phosphatase; amikacin; antiretrovirus agent; ciprofloxacin; clarithromycin; clofazimine; ethambutol; isoniazid; levofloxacin; pyrazinamide; rifabutin; rifampicin; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; adult; alkaline phosphatase blood level; antibiotic therapy; article; bacterial peritonitis; CD4 lymphocyte count; chylous ascites; clinical article; clinical feature; drug hypersensitivity; human; Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient; male; mycobacteriosis; Mycobacterium intracellulare avium; prognosis; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium avium Complex; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection; Peritonitis; Young Adultjournal article10.1016/j.ijid.2008.07.016189550062-s2.0-60849132454