2023-01-012024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/661505因應飼糧原料調整及相關添加劑使用，需要有快速評估調整效果及添加物使用搭配合理性的測試方法，以提供實際餵飼豬隻時的飼糧調整方向，在不影響消化率與生產表現下，以適當的添加劑配合替代性原料的精準使用方式，來降低飼糧成本，同時不增加臭味物質的排放。本年度計畫將利用體外消化與發酵評估系統提升豬隻飼糧替代性原料與添加劑之精準利用，在維持生產表現下降低飼養成本與臭味排放。試驗將先進行替代性原料調整飼糧之評估與體內外驗證，再飼糧與酵素添加使用適當性之評估。所得評估結果於現場調整應用後，再收集糞便進行驗證。最後收集相近飼糧配方下，有無添加益生菌的飼糧進行飼糧中適當的使用濃度與可能效果評估。菌相研析部分將延續前一年度之研究計畫，探討中央檢定站檢定豬隻腸道菌相與生長表型性狀之相關性，對於營養吸收、代謝和宿主健康狀態也為本研究上之重點。種豬中央性能檢定是臺灣改良豬群性能的重要制度，先前仍未有文獻探討豬隻腸道菌相與生長性狀及背脂之間的相關性。本計畫將應用次世代定序技術，計畫將採樣中央檢定站各品種豬隻之糞便以萃取腸道菌叢總 gDNA，並擴增菌叢16S rRNA 基因之全長序列進行建庫，製備完成後以PacBio Sequel IIe進行定序分析，隨後將序列檔案進行菌叢生物資訊之資料研析，並與前一年度之資料進行比對，擴增臺灣豬隻腸道菌相基礎資料庫，並中央檢定站各品種豬隻之性能檢定指數相關性分析，找出對於生長性狀有利之菌相與候選菌種，並評估候選菌種之為未來發展性與應用性。 To adjustment of feedstuffs and the use of related additives, it is necessary to have methods to quickly evaluate the adjustment effect and the rationality of the supplementation of additives, so as to provide the suggestion of ration adjustment under feeding pigs on farms. These operations should have no negative affecting the digestibility and production performance. Appropriate additives and precise use of alternative feedstuffs can reduce the cost of ration without increasing the emission of odorous substances. We attempt to apply the in vitro digestion and fermentation evaluation system to improve the precise feeding of alternative feedstuffs and additives in pig diets, so as to reduce feeding costs and odor emissions while maintaining product performance. The trial will first carry out the evaluation and in vitro and in vivo verification of the ration adjustment with alternative feedstuffs, and then the evaluation of the appropriateness of the enzyme supplementation. The obtained evaluation results were adjusted and applied on the farm, and then feces were collected for verification. Finally, under a similar dietary formula, with or without the supplementation of probiotics, the appropriate concentration and possible effect of the diet were evaluated. The microbiota assay will continue the research plan of the previous year to explore the correlation between the gut microbiota and growth phenotypic traits of pigs tested by the central performance test station. The focus of this research is on nutrient absorption, metabolism, and host health status. The central performance test station for breeding pigs is an important system for improving the performance of pig herds in Taiwan. Previously, there was no report to explore the correlation between the gut microbiota and growth traits and back fat of pigs in Taiwan. The project will sample the feces of pigs of various breeds in the central performance test station to extract the total gDNA of the gut microbiota and amplify the full-length sequence of the 16SrRNA gene of the bacteria to build the library. Sequencing analysis was carried out with the PacBio Sequel IIe platform, and then the sequence file was used for data analysis of bacterial information, and compared with the data of the previous year, to expand the basic database of Taiwan pig intestinal bacteria, and centralize it. The correlation analysis of the performance test index of each breed of pigs in the test station is carried out to find out the favorable bacterial phase and the candidate bacterial species for the growth traits and evaluate the future development and application of the candidate bacterial species.營養評估; 腸道菌相; 豬隻生產; 臭味排放;nutrition evaluation; gut microbiota; pig production; odor emission