2015-01-012024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/657541摘要：本計畫前期之畜禽功能性基因體計畫，已在中興大學高產蛋及高產肉品系種雞群中，由七個組織的cDNA序列中發現超過1000個基因多型性，其中在30個不同的基因上發現約40個non-synonymous SNP位點具有顯著差異 (p < 0.05) 的基因型頻率。因此預定繼續收集與分析這兩個經過超過25年選拔的品系的下一代種雞群DNA樣本及其產蛋和產肉性狀，以進行育種價估算，使用高通量SNP genotyping檢測各SNP基因型，並進行相關性分析，可確認產蛋及生長性能相關的有效SNP位點，提供商業生產選拔參考。計畫也預定收集土雞商業場紅羽及黑羽土雞的種雞群DNA血樣，以確認這些SNP位點在不同的台灣土雞種群對其產蛋及產肉的確效，以提供後續微晶片(lab-on-chip)發展，對未來微晶片在產業上的應用可以更廣泛。這些基因多型性可以進一步以轉基因模式來印證其相對功能，本研究擬建立兩種鳥類轉基因模式供基因功能性探討與發育生物學研究。第一種是利用慢病毒 (Lentivirus) 當載體將外來基因帶入細胞中表達，現在已有少數家禽細胞株可供研究；另一種模式是希望能研發基因轉殖鳥類，供發育生物學研究與啟動子表現特性的活體試驗。我們預計以鵪鶉為模式生物，成功後再以雞隻為轉基因標的，產出可供各式研究的技術平台。家禽的馴化是研究表現型演化的最可信模式，臺灣有許多具特色的土雞與地方雞種，加上世界各國，如印度、中國和法國的不同雞種選拔後產生的基因演化，可以藉由系統生物學的序列分析，參考叢林雞的原始基因體，再經轉基因模式來驗證，可以重建最具說服力的演化機制。<br> Abstract: This project continues the results found in the previous functional genomics projects of Taiwanese Country chicken (TCC): forty non-synonymous SNP sites on about 30 different genes with significant difference (p < 0.05) in genotypic distribution; two other genes were found with differential expression in the high egg production and high meat production lines from National Chung-Hsing University. Thus, we will collect more DNA samples and correlate it with performance records to verify the impact of each SNP genotype on growth and egg-laying traits. In addition, we will collect DNA samples and production records of breeding flocks of red-feather and black-feather chicken from some commercial farms to further verify the association between growth and egg-laying traits in those SNP sites in different breeds of TCC. Then, those effective SNP sites will be provided for the development of lab-on-chip. To verify the function of these genes can be affected by the polymorphisms, two transgenic models will be established. These models can also be used to demonstrate the pattern development and microevolution of domestic birds. The first model is using lentivirus as a carrier to introduce genes into cells, available cell lines for chickens can assist this aspect of research. Another model is transgenic bird model. Quails will be used to develop the transgenic animal model with lentivirus as transgene carrier in the second year. When a short generation time (5 weeks) quail model is established and verified, similar model can be developed using chickens as the research animals. These transgenic models can be used to demonstrate gene function in association with polymorphisms. It can also be used to demonstrate the developmental biology of chickens and used for the promoter driving study using the primer from other subprojects, for example, the agouti promoter. The domestication of poultry is the most valuable model for studying phenotype evolution. In Taiwan, there are a whole variety of native chicken breeds selected for different traits and for various periods. In addition, there are many bird breeds in China, India and France, which are valuable for us to analyze and develop new mechanisms for evolution or selection pressure on the domestication of birds. These polymorphisms can be analyzed by systems biology techniques and then verified by chicken transgenic model. The approaches developed by the current study will advance our knowledge on the mechanism of evolution.高通量基因型檢測微晶片慢病毒基因轉殖鳥類鵪鶉sNP genotypinglab-on-chipLentivirustransgenic bird. Quail