2012-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/686528摘要：本研究企圖從社會政策研究中的地方分權制度分析與社會公民權的空間取向，探討中國大陸自2000年以來興起的社會保障城鄉一體化現象。在現有探討大陸社會福利的文獻中，已經對於其福利體制特性有一定的探討，但是還缺乏較理論性的觀點能夠解釋並比較個別政策領域（例如養老、醫療、社會救助）中的城鄉一體化發展，這點能透過上述的地方分權與社會公民權空間轉型觀點得到改善。這兩個相關聯的理論取向有兩個長處：一方面強調政治制度架構中的中央與地方政府之間利益導向與理念詮釋互動過程，會影響地方社會政策的發展。藉此，本計畫在政策過程面嘗試比較不同地區之間的社會保障城鄉一體化發展，如何形塑彼此的社會保障制度面貌；同時也能捕捉地方政府之間在社會政策上的競爭、合作、與學習。另一方面，地方社會政策的興起也改變了中國大陸的社會公民權界線，從以往的城/鄉區隔逐步轉向為本地/外地的差別待遇，因而加深地區之間的制度銜接困難以及城鎮保護主義傾向。這點對於福利改革過程中制度轉變所蘊含的社會公民權界線位移有直接影響，形成空間面向的福利階層化現象，必須再對其內含的區隔機制加以深究。因此，本研究認為從這兩個角度，可以精確理解中國大陸福利改革中制度面變遷與社會公民權內涵轉變的動態，以及社會保障城鄉一體化的真正面貌。<br> Abstract: This project seeks to interpret the emerging phenomenon of urban-rural harmonization in the Chinese social security institutions from the perspectives of decentralization and social citizenship. Current literatures on the Chinese social welfare have reached certain consensus regarding the characteristics of the Chinese welfare regime, but they still fall short of a more elaborate account which can elucidate the dynamics of urban-rural harmonization in various policy domains such as pensions, health care, and social assistance. This research project starts from this lacuna and proposes a theoretical framework based on the decentralization and evolving social citizenship in order to better capture current social policy developments in China. We distinguish two analytical dimensions: On the one hand, the interest constellations and ideational orientations of the involved actors within given institutional settings of central/local governments have fundamental impacts on social policy formation and implementation at the local level. Here we pay particular attention to the way in which urban-rural harmonization in various regions shapes the institutional contours of local social policy, particularly with regard to the competition, cooperation, and policy learning among the regions. On the other hand, the rise of local social policy has also shifted the boundaries of social citizenship from urban-rural to within-without divide in terms of categorized benefit entitlements. This situation is part of the trend of urban protectionism, yet it has resulted in the difficulty of institutional linkage and benefit portability among various regional social security schemes. The localization of social welfare is bound to impinge on the boundaries of social citizenship, leading to spatial stratification of social welfare. Bearing this in mind, we seek to capture the institutional changes in three policy domains (pensions, health care, and social assistance) in the context of the ongoing urban-rural harmonization, in order to deepen our understanding of the dynamics of regional social policy and the underlying mechanisms of differentiated social citizenship in the Chinese welfare reforms.中國大陸社會保障社會公民權城鄉一體化Chinasocial securitysocial citizenshipurban-rural harmonization