CHIEN-CHING HUNGChen M.-Y.Hsiao C.-F.SZU-MIN HSIEHWANG-HUEI SHENGSHAN-CHWEN CHANG2020-12-292020-12-2920030269-9370https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-1642423917&doi=10.1097%2f00002030-200312050-00008&partnerID=40&md5=7dd1565a7f2efeebe968b6196ad9d03bhttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/535444Objectives: To compare the survival and treatment responses to antiretroviral therapy between HIV-1-infected patients with active TB (TB patients) and without (non-TB patients) in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Design: 8-year prospective observational study at a university hospital. Methods: A total of 125 (17.5%) TB patients (median CD4 cell count at TB diagnosis, 37 × 106 cells/l) and 591 non-TB patients (CD4 cell count at enrolment, 79 × 106 cells/l) were prospectively observed between June 1994 and October 2002. Virologic and immunologic responses were assessed in 230 antiretroviral-naive non-TB patients and 46 TB patients who concurrently initiated antituberculous therapy and HAART. The clinical outcome was evaluated by comparing incidence of new AIDS-associated opportunistic illnesses (OIs) and survival of all TB and non-TB patients. Results: Among antiretroviral-naive patients, CD4 cell count increase (71 versus 64 × 106 cells/l, P=0.70) and proportions of patients achieving undetectable plasma viral load [20 of 46 versus 107 of 230, relative risk (RR), 0.93; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.65-1.34; P=0.71] at week 4 of HAART were similar between the 46 TB and 230 non-TB patients, as was the virologic failure during HAART (RR, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.92-2.41; P=0.14). The risk for HIV progression to new OIs was also similar between the two groups (adjusted RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.764-1.77). The adjusted hazard ratio for death of TB patients compared with non-TB patients was 1.18 (95% CI, 0.65-2.32) before HAART era and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.57-1.69) in HAART era. Conclusions: Our data indicated that virologic, immunologic, and clinical responses to HAART and prognosis of HIV-1-infected TB patients who were concurrently treated with antituberculous therapy and HAART were similar to those of non-TB patients. ? 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.[SDGs]SDG3antiretrovirus agent; CD4 antigen; isoniazid; rifampicin; RNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor; adolescent; adult; aged; AIDS related complex; article; controlled study; death; disease course; drug response; female; highly active antiretroviral therapy; human; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; immune response; lymphocyte count; major clinical study; male; priority journal; prognosis; risk assessment; survival; treatment failure; treatment outcome; tuberculosis; virus load; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antitubercular Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Disease Progression; Female; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Viral Loadjournal article10.1097/00002030-200312050-0000814685055