Kao, Wei-ZhenWei-ZhenKaoHsieh, Huai-ChingHuai-ChingHsiehLee, Yi-JuYi-JuLeeSu, Jin-YuJin-YuSuShen, Pin-YunPin-YunShenWei, An-ChiAn-ChiWei2026-03-192026-03-192026-02-1002688921https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105029780059&origin=resultslisthttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/736448Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to enhance cell growth and differentiation. This study investigates the effects of 810-nm PBM on the proliferation and cardiac differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), utilizing a custom-made LED device. This device is compatible with standard cell incubators and features an LED array that ensures uniform light exposure to cells in each well of a 96-well plate. hiPSCs were irradiated with 810-nm light at intensities of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mW/cm² for 15 min daily. Outcomes assessed included cell viability, mitochondrial function and morphology, and cardiomyocyte differentiation. The results show that PBM at 1.5 mW/cm² enhanced hiPSC proliferation and cardiac differentiation, yielding a higher number of spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes compared to controls. These findings suggest that 810-nm PBM may improve the efficiency of cardiac cell generation for both research and therapeutic applications.true810 nm LEDDifferentiationiPSCPhotobiomodulationjournal article10.1007/s10103-026-04821-82-s2.0-105029780059