2023-01-012024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/658268白葉枯病是由Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo)所引起，好發於高溫高溼的環境，為威脅亞洲水稻生產區的主要細菌性病害，經多年研究已找到46個抗病基因座，並建構多個疊加抗病基因座的導入系，雖然可增加抗病能力，同時也可能影響植株的生理和代謝體，進而改變土壤、植物根圈及內共生微生物的多樣性和群落結構。 全球暖化效應嚴重威脅糧食安全，甲烷造成的暖化效應遠高於二氧化碳，湛水栽培的低氧環境促使甲烷的產生，亦有前人研究指出溼地和水田裡甲烷代謝相關微生物組成會受到植物栽種及種植品種的影響，而改變甲烷的釋放量。因此本計畫將探究種植白葉枯病抗病品種對土壤、水稻根圈及根內細菌菌相的影響，同時將深入分析甲烷代謝相關細菌的豐度及組成，以了解抗病基因座的導入對水稻田區生態及環境的效應。 Bacterial blight is one of major disease in rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). High temperature and high humidity environments favor the disease development which threatens rice production in East and South Asia. Around 46 loci associated with disease resistance have been identified. Pyramiding disease resistant genes in rice cultivars have been performed which can significantly increase disease resistance. On the other hand, modulation of the expression of these genes also influence plant physiological responses and metabolism which may affect the diversity and structure of microbes in soil, plant rhizosphere and endosphere. Global warming severely threatens food production. Methane has higher warming power than carbon dioxide. Anoxic paddy soil environments favor methane production. Previous studies showed that plant cultivation and cultivars affect methane production and metabolism in wetlands and paddy fields. In this project, we will study the effects of introducing bacterial blight disease resistance genes to rice cultivars on the microbiomes in soils, rhizospheres and endospheres, and the abundance and composition of bacteria related methane metabolism as well. Through this study, we will provide an insight of the influence of disease resistance genes in ecological and environmental aspects.白葉枯病;微生物相;水稻;根圈 ;內共生菌;bacterial blight;microbiome;rice;rhizosphere;endophyte