2015-01-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/650705摘要：此計畫原本為三年期的縱貫式研究，但是在去年被審查者刪減為一年期的計畫，所以此計畫書申請繼續完成後續兩年的追蹤研究。計畫書的主旨是探討語意處理的發展神經機制，研究參與者閱讀中文字時如何由語音和字形獲得意義的歷程。藉由兩年縱貫追蹤的研究，探討 11-20 歲參與者(特別是11及12歲參與者)語意處理所活化的個別腦區，和不同腦區之間的有效性聯結，將能對於中文字的詞彙辨識系統的功能組織，在發展中如何產生變化有更多的瞭解。這些參與者已經參與過第一次的磁振造影研究，他們將在兩年後接受第二次磁振造影研究，根據第一次參與的時間，將有27位參與者在2015年及26位參與者在2016年，達到第二次追蹤掃瞄的時間。參與者將進行語意判斷作業，決定兩個出現的中文字是否在意義上有關聯。此研究計畫將採用功能性磁振造影，評估處理中文字義音形的認知歷程和對應的發展神經活動。參與者將接受跨感官的音義轉換作業，用以評估音義詞彙表徵的對應轉換之交互作用。此作業可以研究音義轉換歷程中的認知控制機制。參與者也將接受字形相似性的形義轉換作業，用以評估形義詞彙表徵的對應轉換之交互作用。此作業可以研究形義轉換歷程中的字彙及次字彙歷程對於語意處理的影響。預期的語意發展變化結果為：(1) 字形、字音、字義之間的轉換會更有效率；(2) 與語意處理相關的腦區活動會更特化；(3) 不同腦區之間的功能性連結在處理語意上會更緊密。此研究計畫的預期成果，將對於中文字的義音形交互作用歷程的發展神經機制有更進一步的瞭解。<br> Abstract: This was originally a 3-year longitudinal study. However, it was cut to a one-year study by reviewers last year. The present proposal is to continue the study for the following two years. The aim of this study is to explore the neural correlates of developmental changes in the interaction between meaning, sound, and visual form to process Chinese characters for participants between ages 11 and 20 (especially for participants between ages 11 and 12) using a within-subjects design. These participants came to participate for their first visit. They will come to participate for their second visit in a two-year interval, including 27 participants in 2015 and 26 participants in 2016. Participants will be asked to judge if two Chinese characters are related in meaning. They will be scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the semantic network. A cross-modal semantic association task will be used to examine the interaction of meaning and sound. This task will be used to investigate age-related changes in cognitive control during processing Chinese characters. Moreover, a visual–similar (i.e. shared a semantic radical) task will be used to explore the interaction of meaning and visual form. This task will be used to investigate the interaction of lexical and sublexical semantic information to semantic judgments. Expected patterns of developmental changes on meaning processing will be: (1) the mappings between lexical systems (orthography, phonology, and semantics) become more efficient; (2) brain regions associated with meaning processing become more specialized; (3) the connections between brain regions for meaning processing become stronger.語音字形語意關聯功能性磁振造影年齡phonologyorthographysemantic associationfMRIage effects