2024-05-182024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/714922<p>NTU's institutional predecessor was Taihoku Imperial University, founded in 1928 by the Japanese colonial administration. The first president was Shidehara Tan Tairaka Hiroshi. In 1945, the Republic of China won the war of resistance against Japan, and Taiwan was handed over to the Nationalist government of China. On November 15 of that year, Taihoku Imperial University was formally transferred to Chinese administration and renamed as National Taiwan University, with Dr. Tsung-lo Lo appointed as the first President.</p><p>After restructuring in accordance with the ROC academic system in 1945, academic departments were established and the former divisions were renamed Colleges. The Literature and Politics division was divided into the College of Liberal Arts and the College of Law. Additionally, colleges of Science, Medicine, Engineering and Agriculture were established. Initially, there were six colleges with 22 departments. In 1945, student enrollment was 585. In the following years, the departments and colleges expanded in faculty and hardware in step with growing budgets and rising social expectations. In 1960, the night school was initiated on a trial basis, and in 1967 a new night school was established. In 1987, the College of Management was established, followed by the College of Public Health in 1993 and the College of Electrical Engineering in 1997. The College of Electrical Engineering was later rechristened the College of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering; in 1999, the College of Law was renamed the College of Social Sciences, and the Night Division and the Center for Continuing Education were combined to form the School for Professional and Continuing Studies. In 2002, the College of Agriculture was renamed the College of Bio-resources and Agriculture, and in 2002 a College of Life Sciences was added. Now, the university has 11 colleges, with 54 departments and 108 graduate institutes, plus over 50 national and university-level research centers. The total number of students, including those enrolled at the School of Professional and Continuing Studies, has grown to over 32,000, including over 17,000 university students and 15,000 graduate students. Now, the number of graduate students at NTU almost equals the number of university students, which indicates that NTU has successfully been transformed into a research university.</p>國立臺灣大學前身為日治時期之「臺北帝國大學」（創立於日本昭和3年、西元1928年、民國17年）。當時首任校長為幣原坦總長；至民國34年（1945年）二次世界大戰結束，日本投降、臺灣光復，同年11月15日我政府完成接收臺北帝國大學，改制更名為「國立臺灣大學」，由羅宗洛博士任首任校長。 <br/> 臺北帝大時期最初設置文政、理農兩學部，59位學生入學。1936年增設醫學部，1943年增設工學部，同年理農學部分為理、農兩學部。至1945年二次大戰結束前，臺北帝大發展為文政、理、農、醫、工等五個學部以及預科（1941年設立），學生約1,600名。臺北帝大另有附屬農林專門部（1928年設置，於1943年獨立為臺中高等農林學校）、附屬醫學專門部（1936年設立）、熱帶醫學研究所（1939年）、南方人文研究所（1943年）、南方資源科學研究所（1943年）。臺北帝大採用講座制度，每一講座由一位教授主持，其下有副教授、助手、講師和僱員等，係經費預算獨立、多數設有圖書室之研究單位。 <br/> 民國34年臺灣光復後，依照我國學制，分設系、科，各「學部」改稱「學院」，並將文政學部劃分為文學院及法學院，再加上理、醫、工、農共為6個學院、設立22門學系；至36學年度學生約為1,855人。往後，院系隨師資、硬體設備與社會需求而逐漸增加。民國49年試辦夜間部，56年開辦新制夜間部，76年成立管理學院，82年則成立公共衛生學院，86年成立電機學院（89年更名為電機資訊學院），夜間部轉型為進修學士班（96年最後一屆招生），88年法學院更名為社會科學院，所屬法律學系改制為法律學院，夜間部與推廣教育中心併編為進修推廣部，91年農學院易名為生物資源暨農學院，92年增設生命科學院，97年設立牙醫、獸醫兩專業學院。臺大目前已有11個學院，以及3個專業學院，共約54學系、108研究所，另設有50餘個各學術領域之國家級或校級研究中心，是臺灣規模最大的綜合性大學。學生總人數現今已達32,000多人，其中大學部近17,000人，研究生15,000餘人，比例接近一比一，已經成功轉型為研究型大學。臺大培養出眾多學術界頂尖學者，包含臺灣第一位諾貝爾獎得主李遠哲博士，以及多位的正副元首、企業領導人，是臺灣最具影響力的學校。 <br/> 臺大幅員遼闊，校地分布臺北、宜蘭、新竹、雲林，以及中部高山地區，校地面積約3萬4千公頃，佔臺灣總面積的百分之一，提供師生豐富的生物與生態多樣性研究環境。