2004-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/692179摘要：近年來關於食蟲目尖鼠科的群聚研究顯示，體型大小似乎是影響不同種類尖鼠共域與否的重要因素。體型的區隔影響動物取食的獵物大小與覓食方式，減少種間生態區位的重疊度，使不同體型大小的種類可以共域。但亦有研究指出，體型大的種類具有較高的競爭優勢與較寬的生態區位，體型小的種類必須有大型種類不利用的微棲地才可和大型種類共域，因此資源與棲地的狀況也會影響尖鼠科群聚組成。而體型相近種類能夠共域的條件為何等問題都仍待解答。根據本研究室近年研究，臺灣至少有9種以上的尖鼠科動物，其中除了出現在住家附近的家鼩與出現在溪流水域的水鼩外，其餘的種類在不同的海拔與棲地內有不同的群聚組成，但是各種類食性與棲地需求的資料相當有限。此外，我們也發現一種目前僅知分佈在東部，外型與長尾麝鼩(Crocidura tadae)相近，但遺傳差距顯著的新種花東麝鼩(Crocidura sp.)，此兩種麝鼩生態區位的差異與分布的區隔情況並不清楚。因此眾多體型大小與分布各異的尖鼠科動物提供了檢視影響這類動物群聚因子相當好的素材。 由於目前記錄花東麝鼩僅出現在東部地區，本計畫擬逐年在台灣東部三縣，調查不同海拔植被中尖鼠科動物群聚組成(包括<br> Abstract: Recent studies on shrew communities indicated that body size, is an important factor in affecting ecological separation in shrew communities. Species of different sizes may feed on different sizes of preys or forage differently, thus reduce niche overlap and allow co-existence. However, some studies suggested that, because larger species may be advantageous in competition and may exclude smaller species from certain microhabitat, the availability of different foraging microhabitat might be important in structuring the diversity of shrew communities. Furthermore, how species of similar sizes can co-exist and partition food resources and habitat use need further studies. According to our recent studies, there are more than 9 species of shrews native to Taiwan. Other than the house shrews which inhabit in close association with human settlements and water shrews which are often active near rivers and streams, the many species of shrews in Taiwan live at different altitudinal ranges and habitats, and form communities with different species composition. However, information concerning the diet and habitat requirement of these species is scanty. In addition, Fang (2002) discovered a new species of Crocidura sp., which is morphologically very similar to C. tadae but genetically very different, in east Taiwan. However, whether these two species have distinct distribution or niche differentiation is unclear. The great variety of shrew species in different body sizes and inhabiting at different elevation and habitats in Taiwan provides good materials for testing various hypotheses on factors affecting the structures of shrew communities. The purposes of this project are to study the shrew communities at different elevation and habitat types in three counties of east Taiwan. By investigating the composition and abundance of shrews at different sampling sites, their morphology, diets and habitat distribution, local terrestrial invertebrate fauna and the availability of potential food of these shrews, genetic variation and species identification of shrews in different sampling sites, we hope to analyze and reveal the morphology, diet and habitat requirement of different shrews, effect of body size, habitat and food competition on the structure of shrew communities, and niche and distribution differentiation of Crocidura tadae and Crocidura sp. in east Taiwan.競爭棲地尖鼠科群聚competitionhabitatshrewscommunity